ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00907.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00908.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00909.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe performed ultrastructural cytochemistry to detect peroxidase in developmentally arrested human eosinophilic myelocytes. Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells were cultured for 21 days in the presence of murine‐derived conditioned media, resulting in the development of eosinophilic myelocytes. Unlike normally developing eosinophilic myelocytes, which contain peroxidase in synthetic organelles (i.e. cisterns surrounding the nucleus and hounded by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi structures) and in immature and mature granules, the developmentally arrested cells showed ultrastructural evidence of decreased synthesis and secretor transport of peroxidase. Thus. peroxidase was generally absent in the perinuclear and rough endoplasmic cisterns, in Golgi structures, in immature granules and in the matrix‐compartment of most mature granules. Rather, bicompartmental specific granules displayed empty, peroxidase‐negative matrix and central, peroxidase‐negative core material. Peroxidase was present in perigranular vesicles, some of which were attached to granules. Such peroxidase‐loaded transport vesicles are similar to those that effect piecemeal degranulation of mature human eosinophils cultured in rhIL‐5‐containing media [1]. These findings establish vesicle‐mediated piecemeal degranulation in the secretory repertoire of immature human eosinophils and suggest the possibility that eosinophilic myelocytes may participatein vivoin important physiological and/or pathological events that require selective secretion from the specific granule mat

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00910.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOne hundred and twelve patients with a history of immediate adverse reaction after food ingestion and positive skin test to food are presented with the result of food challenge. In all patients the symptoms started after 10 years of age; most presented with recurrent short‐lasting urticarial rash, often accompanied by rhinitis. In the majority of the patients, skin tests were positive to multiple food allergens, but 67% of these responded to oral provocation by only one allergen. One‐third of the patients had a history of allergic symptoms following exercise after meals, but in only one‐third of these symptoms were reproducible in the laboratory. Fruit and vegetables were the main allergens responsible for food hypersensitivity. Food allergy can develop after the first 10 years of life. Fruit and vegetables are the main cause of food allergy in these patients, while milk and egg are the least common. These findings differ from those in early childhood where milk and eggs are the main alle

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00911.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo particle samplers for ambient air. situated together: a static size–selective bio–aerosol sampler (SSBAS) and a Burkard pollen and spore trap were compared in sampling intact birch pollen grains through one flowering period ofBetula(a total of 44 days). The SSBAS trapped pollen grains three times more efficienily than the Burkard trap, but the variations in pollen counts were significantly correlated. In contrast, birch pollen antigenic activity and the pollen count in the Burkard samples were not closely correlated. The antigenic concentration was occasionally high both before and after the pollination period. There was a high birch pollen antigenic activity in particle size classes where intact pollen grains were absent, even on days when the pollen count was very low. Correspondingly, on days with high birch pollen counts in the air, pollen antigenic activity was on several occasions low. indicating that pollen grains were empty of antigenic material. The small particle size classes are especially important to allergic, patients because they are able to penetrate immediately into the alveoli and provoke asthmatic reactions. Therefore, aerobiological information systems based on pollen and spore counts should be supplemented with information concerning antigenic activities–in th

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00912.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTo assess the nature and the time–course of the cellular component of airway inflammation induced by isocyanates, we examined nine subjects with occupational asthma induced by toluene– or methylene diphenyl–diisocyanate (TDI, MDI) and four control subjects never exposed to isocyanates. Sputum was induced by inhalation of ultrasonically nebulized hypertonic saline (3–4% NaCl) before and 8, 24, 48 h after inhalation challenge with TDI or MDI. Expectorated samples were incubated with dithiothreitol, washed and cytocentrifuged. Differential cell counts were obtained on slides stained with May–Grünwald–Giemsa. Metachromatic cells (mast cells and basophils) were counted on slides stained with toluidine blue at pH 0.1. One occupational asthmatic exhibited a dual reaction to TDI, two exhibited a single early asthmatic reaction to M DI, six exhibited a late asthmatic reaction to TDI (n= 5) or M DI (n= 1), whereas no reactions were observed in control subjects after TDI challenge. In sensitized subjects eosinophils increased from a median value (interquartile range) of 5 (15)% before challenge to 29 (29)% (P= 0.014) and to 30 (31)% (P= 0.031) 8 and 24 h after TDI/MDI challenges, respectively. Sputum eosinophilia was observed both in early and late reactors and declined to near to baseline values 48 hr after challenge. Percentages of eosinophils in control subjects did not exceed 7% during the study. There was a significant correlation between the increase in eosinophil counts and the magnitude of the bronchoconstriction expressed as the area of FEV1response to isocyanate challenge (rank correlation coefficient = 0–71,P= 0.014). No significant changes in sputum neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and mast cells were detected. The results indicate that isocyanate–induced asthmatic responses are associated with influx of eosinophils in airway secretion la

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00913.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIt is currently recommended to administer a maintenance dose of 100 μg of venom at 4–6 week intervals for Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (VIT), Because the optimal duration of therapy is not known, we decided to progressively prolong the interval between maintenance injections instead of accepting the risk of anaphylactic reactions when VIT is discontinued after a predetermined period. We report here on the results of a first phase of this interval extension programme, covering the gradual increase of the interval from 1‐12 weeks over 19 months in 178 patients. A 12‐week interval maintenance VIT could be achieved in 117/128 (91%) of yellow jacket venom (YJV) and in 35/50(70%) of honeybee venom (HBV) allergic patients. At the lime of the interview these 152 patients had been treated with 12‐weekly 100 μg venom injections for an average period of 2 years without any untoward reaction to VIT. During this period of 48 YJV allergy sufferers experienced 77 field re‐stings without systemic reaction (SR), and 17 HBV allergic subjects were restung at least 213 times in total, with one patient developing a very large local reaction and one a mild systemic reaction. In 26 of the 17S patients the interval of 12 weeks was not reached for various reasons, with a higher failure rate among the HBV allergic patients. Most Hymenoptera venom allergic patients can thus be safely and effectively treated with 12‐weekly injections of

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00914.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe clinical and immunologic findings of two breast‐fed babies who experienced anaphylaxis after a feeding with a partially whey hydrolysate formula (PWHF) are reported. Sensitization to this formula seems to have occurred in the first days of life in the Maternity Hospital where the babies were fed the same formula. These two case reports suggest that PWHF may be immunogenic in the IgE system. This data is in agreement with previous studies which showed intact fragments of cow's milk (CM) proteins in PWH

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00915.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwenty‐one mild asthmatic patients allergic to cat dander underwent a bronchial provocation test (BPT) with a cat extract. An early allergic response (EAR) was observed in all 21 patients and a late allergic response (LAR) in 8/21 patients. In the EAR, the patients with subsequent LAR had a greater full in FEV1, Their baseline FEV1, and total dose of inhaled allergen were not significantly different from patients who did not develop a LAR, but their serum specific IgE level was higher. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) of the same cal extract showed that it contained eight different proteins. An IgE‐CRIE was obtained from all 21 patients, using radiolabelled anti‐lgE and autoradiography. Radiolabelled standards allowed a semiquantitative scoring of the radiosiaining. The CRIE pattern of the eight patients with LAR showed a higher score of radiostaining and a greater number of proteins hound to IgE. The two major allergen cal albumin andFel dI bound equally to IgE of patients with and without LAR whereas another protein (antigen No. 7) bound to IgE of 100% of patients with LAR but of only 38% of patients without LAR. These data suggest that the pattern of the IgE response to specific proteins of a cat extract may be related to the occurrence of LAR after BPT with this all

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00916.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY