摘要:

SummaryThirty‐five asthmatic patients had prick skin tests to the common allergensCandida aibicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, grass pollen, horse dander andDermatophagoides pteronyssinusperformed on a regular basis from Autumn 1973 to Autumn 1975. Specific IgE to the same allergens (exceptC. albicans)was determined at the time of skin testing for the first five seasons.It was found that the position on the volar aspect of the forearm on which the test was performed did not affect the reaction. There was a significant variation in the percentage of patients with positive skin tests toA. fumigatus, grass pollen and horse dander with the latter showing a significant decrease with time. There was evidence of variation in weal size for all butC. albicans, and for grass pollen, horse dander andD. pteronyssinusthere were reductions in weal size with time.Significant differences were found for results of Log specific IgE for grass pollen andD. pteronyssinusover the study, but there was no trend. A good correlation between weal size and Log specific IgE for grass pollens andD. pteronyssinuswas observed. For the four allergens, the coefficient of concordance between IgE levels within patients for the five seasons was highly significan

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySeventeen out of thirty‐three workers who have been exposed to airborne papain at their place of work regularly developed asthmatic symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, sneezing, rhinorrhea and conjuctival irritation upon contact with this proteolytic enzyme. Investigations by RAST, skin test and bronchial provocation test proved IgE‐mediated hypersensitivity to papain in fourteen symptomatic workers. Ten of these were in a screening investigation involving twenty‐nine of the thirty‐three workers; i.e. the incidence of IgE‐mediated sensitization was 34.5%, of this group. Bronchial provocation of as little as 0.001–0.5 mg of papain was shown to elicit immediate or dual asthmatic reactions in all eight tested workers with RAST values>3 u/ml. On the other hand, inhalation of 0.5 mg of papain did not cause any remarkable change in non‐exposed asthmatics. Occupation‐related blood‐stained nasal secretions and/or cutaneous flare reactions in all four heavily‐exposed papain workers, of whom three had negative skin test and RAST results, suggest a direct effect of the proteolytically active enzyme on human tissue.There was a significant elevation(P<0.001) of serum trypsin inhibitory capacity in papain workers which seems to depend on the degree of exposure. No significant differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic workers in α1‐antitrypsin (Pi) phenoty

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryStudies using the guinea pig ileum bioassay technique have previously shown that patients with either asthma or chronic bronchitis have increased amounts of histamine in their sputum. Because of the limitations of this assay technique, a spectrofluorometric method for measuring the histamine content of sputum was developed. Using this technique it was found that the mean histamine concentration of sputum from patients with bronchogenic carcinoma or pneumonia was not significantly different from the mean value for sputum collected during a remission phase from patients with either chronic bronchitis or asthma. However, the mean values in patients with asthma or chronic bronchitis during an exacerbation were significantly higher and returned to basal values as the airways obstruction improved. There was no significant difference in sputum histamine concentration between those patients with extrinsic atopic asthma and those with late onset cryptogenic asthma during an exacerbation although the value in patients with an exacerbation of chronic bronchitis was significantly less.These results indicate that mediators of immediate hypersensitivity may be implicated in the pathogenesis of airways obstruction in disorders other than extrinsic atopic asthma and suggest that histamine release may occur in non‐atopic subjects in response to non‐antigenic stim

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCharacterization of the immunological response to Alternaria in sensitive subjects is not complete. We used crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE) to identify antigens in Alternaria extracts reacting with IgE antibody in five patients with Alternaria‐sensitive asthma, four with Alternaria‐induced rhinitis, three non‐allergic asthmatics, and three normal controls. All five Alternaria‐asthma patients and three of four Alternaria‐rhinitis patients showed IgE binding to a single antigen peak in the CRIE. One patient exhibited specific radio‐staining to a second peak, and two other patients had IgE binding to a third antigen. These results suggest an analogy of Alternaria antigens with that found in ragweed pollen extracts, i.e. that IgE antibody is directed against more than one antigen. Using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we found a significant difference (P<0·05, unpaired Student'st‐test) in igG binding between Alternaria‐sensitive asthmatics and normal controls. There was no apparent difference in IgG binding between untreated Alternaria‐sensitive asthmatics and those receiving hig

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySera from 177 atopic patients treated by immunotherapy were screened in order to detect IgD antibodies against a purified fraction ofLollium perenne(fractions C). IgD antibodies were found in 23% of the subjects. Eight of these sera were selected and their IgD isolated by means of immunoabsorption. Thein vitrobiological activity of the IgD antibodies against fraction C was tested by three methods: basophil degranulation, histamine release and RAST inhibition test. In all these assays, the data obtained indicated a possible blocking effect of the IgD antibodies upon the IgEin vitromediated reactions.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwenty‐three patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis due to an allergy to inhaled budgerigar serum protein (budgerigar fancier's lung disease) were typed for HLA‐A, B, C and HLA‐DR antigens. Antigen frequencies were compared with those found in 154 healthy control subjects. No statistically significant variation in the frequency of any HLA antigen was detected. Exclusion of two patients who had concurrent coeliac disease, and subdivision of the population into those with acute and chronic disease, failed to reveal any significant association with an HLA specificity. A non‐significant increase in B8‐DR3 amongst the patients with acute disease was noted. Possible reasons for the apparent HLA associations previously reported by others for extrinsic allergic alveolitis are

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLevels of soya protein‐specific IgE were measured in a normal adult population (seventy‐four males, fifteen females) who ingested soya‐containing and control diets during two 4‐week periods. Increases in soya‐specific IgE were observed for some individuals following ingestion of the soya‐containing diet, and for the female group the increase in soya‐specific IgE was statistically significant (P= 0·02). The increase of soya‐specific IgE was small and led to lower levels than that associated with adverse effects. The increase in soya‐specific IgE in the female group was accompanied by a significant increase (P= 0·02) in total immunoglobulin A. Changes in the level of soya‐specific haemagglutinating antibody, soya‐specific IgG, IgA and IgM as measured by ELISA and the immunoconglutinin titre could not be related to ingestion of t

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe specificity of immunoglobulin E for different cereal grain proteins was investigated using sera from twenty paedialric patients with asthma and/or eczema. Close correlations were observed between radioallergosorbent test values for grain extracts of wheat, rye and barley, and, to a lesser extent, oats. Of the different wheat flour fractions tested, the globulins and glutenins consistently bound higher levels of IgE than the gliadins and albumins. This is in contrast both with bakers' asthma (an allergy to inhaled flour where the albumins are important allergens) and with coeliac disease (in which gliadin is the most toxic fraction). Partial digestion of the flour proteins largely removed their ability to bind IgE, An analytical technique of identifying allergens after gel isoelectric focusing demonstrated that many different flour proteins were involved.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA technical modification was introduced by the manufacturer (Pharmacia) of a commercially available RAST, with the use of an anti‐IgE antibody specific for the domain ε2 of the IgE molecule. Results of the previous and of the new RAST were compared in 100 patients suffering from bronchial asthma or chronic rhinitis. When the same serum was assayed by both techniques, the new RAST technique disclosed a higher positivity in 26% of the comparisons. The new RAST improved the overall correlation between RAST and skin‐tests by 6%: individually by 12% for house dust, 8% forDermatophagoides pteronyssinusand 15% for animal danders. However, the level of correlation was decreased by 8% for the moulds. In patients with a total IgE concentration larger than 100 PRIST units, the new RAST allowed the demonstration of specific IgE in a number of cases twice as large as the previous technique. Thus, the modification of the RAST provides a more sensitive test, the results of which better correlate with those of other diagnostic met

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLymphocyte stimulation, as determined by incorporation of thymidine, to rye grass extract in twenty‐three children with bronchial reactivity to rye grass and to house dust mite, did not differ significantly from four children with reactivity to house dust mite alone, or from nine children with asthma but without a bronchial response to these allergens. Sixteen children underwent hyposensitization with rye grass extract or treatment with placebo. There was no consistent effect of hyposensitization on the lymphocyte stimulation indices to rye grass. A decrease in lymphocyte responsiveness occurred to rye grass and to house dust mite after the grass pollen season but was not statistically significant. Analysis of changes in lymphocyte responsiveness to both house dust mite and rye grass of the children most highly sensitized to rye allergen, showed that the lymphocyte responsiveness to rye grass fell during the pollen season (P<0.05) but this effect was not seen with house dust mite. The study suggests that a decrease in lymphocyte responsiveness to rye grass allergen in children with large amounts of anti‐rye IgE antibodies is antigen specific and may be seen following seasonal expos

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb03129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY