ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA hypothesis is presented which states that aspirin‐induced asthma results from chronic viral infection. This type of asthma has, indeed, a highly characteristic clinical course, reminiscent of viral upper respiratory tract infection. It is suggested that, in response to a virus, a long time after the initial exposure, specific cytotoxic lymphocytes are produced. Their activity is suppressed by prostaglandin E2(PGE2) produced by pulmonary alveolar macrophages. Anti‐cyclo‐oxygenase analgesics block PGE2production, and allow cytotoxic lymphocytes to attack and kill their target cells, i.e. the virus‐affected cells of the respiratory tract. During this reaction, toxic oxygen intermediates, lysosomal enzymes and mediators are released, which precipitate attacks of asthma. These acute attacks can be prevented by avoidance of all drugs with anti‐cyclo‐oxygenase activity, however, asthma continues to run a protracted course because of chronic vira

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe have studied a group of twenty‐seven patients who suffer allergic reactions to vespids stings. Specific IgE antibodies to venom extracts fromPolistes gallicusandVespula germanicawere measured by RAST, and the crossreactivity between the two venoms was compared using the RAST inhibition technique. We concluded that, in southern Spain, sensitization toP. gallicuswas more prevalent than that toV. germanica, with 44% of the subjects in this study reacting toP. gallicuscompared with 33% toV. germanica.However, there was a considerable degree of crossreactivity between the two species. It is evident thatPolistesis an important species in this area; however, both in Spain and other Mediterranean countries,V. germanicavenom is used almost exclusively for diagnosis and immunotherap

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMethodological aspects of subjective symptom ratings were investigated in 103 symptomatic rhinitis patients. The patient's own overall rating registered on a visual analogue scale was compared with a summed symptom score calculated from ratings of sneezing, rhinorrhea and congestion. A significant correlation, but not complete correspondence, was found in patients with untreated rhinitis during the birch pollen season and after challenges with birch pollen or histamine. Comparisons between the overall rating and scores for individual symptoms gave lower degrees of correlation or non‐significant correlations. When twenty‐five patients were treated with an intranasal corticosteroid during the pollen season, both the overall rating and the summed symptom score decreased significantly. The changes in the two ratings for each Patient showed a moderate correlation. The patients’ ratings of rhinorrhea correlated with an approximate measure of the volume of secretion after pollen challenge but not during the pollen season or after histamine challenge. It is recommended on the basis of these findings that, for measuring the severity of rhinitis, scores indicating the course of individual symptoms should not be combined into a summed score, but that the patient's overall rating of the condition should be used. Scores for individual symptoms can be used to draw more detailed conclusions about nasal pathophysiological features and about qualitative disimilarities between different modes of th

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTen patients who developed severe generalized reactions following a honey‐bee sting were investigated for the presence of specific IgE and IgG antibodies, and for lymphocyte reactivity following in‐vitro honey‐bee venom (HBV) stimulation. Five of the patients (high responders) showed high HBV‐specific IgE and IgG levels, whereas the other five patients (low responders) showed low HBV‐specific IgE and IgG levels. Mononuclear cells from the high responder group incorporated significant amounts of3H‐thymidine when activated with pure bee venom, whereas insignificant lymphocyte proliferation was observed in the low‐responder group. It is concluded that, amongst HBV‐sensitive patients, a group of low responders exists in whom the mechanism of anaphylaxis cann

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAirborne fungi in the homes of patients with allergic rhinitis or asthma, from a Toronto Allergy Clinic population, were isolated, quantified and identified to species. Allergen extracts were prepared from sixteen of these isolated species and used for skin‐prick testing of twenty‐six patients. Fourteen of the total patients reacted to one or more of these extracts at 1:10(w/v) concentrations. The most common positive skin responses (8/14 to 6/14) were found forCladosporium cladosporioides, Alternaria tenuis, C. sphaerospermum, andFusariumsp. The two Cladosporium species were also most commonly isolated in homes, but A. tenuis and Fusarium sp. were found only in 4% and<1 % of the air samples, respectively.Epicoccum purpurascensandC. herbarum, which were isolated on approximately 10% of the plates, showed fewer skin reactions compared with the above. Positive skin‐test response to the other ten study extracts ranged from 5/14 for two species ofAspergillusandPhoma glomerata, to 1/14 forPenicillium viridicatum; of these species,Aspergillus fumigatuswas isolated in 3% of the home samples, the others were less than 1%. The findings suggest that fungal antigens from species found in homes are commonly associated with skin sensitization in an allergy clinic population with upper or lower respiratory allergy. No specific relationships were found, however, between the prevalence of fungal species in the home environment and their prevalence as skin‐test al

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to test the hypothesis that rotavirus infection leads to IgE hypersensitivity to cows’ milk, evidence of past rotavirus infection, as reflected by the presence of antibodies, was sought in two groups of children with cows’ milk allergy. The groups were defined according to the time to react to milk challenge. In group I there were fifteen children with an adverse reaction within 40 min of milk challenge. The twenty‐one children in group II had gastrointestinal reactions between 1 hr and 24 hr after milk challenge. The results showed a higher incidence of antibodies to rotavirus in group II than group I (P<0.05). Although group I patients had significantly higher levels of total and milk‐specific IgE antibodies to cows’ milk than those in group II, both patient groups had lower levels of serum IgG, IgA and IgM than a control population. No association between the presence of rotavirus antibodies and IgE hypersensitivity to cows’ milk was found. However, an association between non‐IgE milk enteropathy and previous rotavirus antibodies was

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTerfenadine (60 mg b.i.d.) was compared with placebo in a randomized, double‐blind, cross‐over study in twenty‐three patients with birch pollen allergy. The patients were treated during two 7‐day periods separated by a 2‐week wash‐out period during a season free from birch pollen. Nasal provocations with birch pollen extracts were made at study entry and after each treatment period. Blockage (rhinomanometry), secretion (weight) and sneezings (number) were compared between treatments. The results showed a significant inhibitory effect of terfenadine on secretion and sneezing, but no significant difference between treatments with regard to blockage. Terfenadine showed no signs of sedative properties or inhibition of

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySixty‐three patients, applying to the casualty ward after a bee or wasp sting, were tested. On the day of admission, and 4 weeks later, blood was sampled to measure specific IgE and IgG against bee and wasp venom and total IgE. Four weeks after the insect sting, all patients were examined with skin‐prick test (1, 10 and 100 μg/ml), and intracutaneous test (0.05 ml of extract 1.0 μg/ml). The amount of venom‐specific IgE and IgG increased significantly during the 4‐week period, venom‐specific IgE was most pronounced in patients experiencing the most severe clinical reactions. However, no significant correlations were found between the results of the immunological tests carried out 4 weeks after the insect sting and the clinical reaction upon the i

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe immunological response to individual bee‐venom allergens was studied in blood samples collected at frequent intervals from four bee‐venom allergic patients who had suffered systemic allergic reactions to injections of bee venom during immunotherapy. All had high IgE antibody levels, at the upper end of the range found in bee‐sting allergic patients, and all had antibodies to the minor allergens at the time of the reactions. These did not, however, provide a simple explanation for the reactions that occurred. We were able to observe two interesting phenomena — in one patient IgE antibodies to the individual venom antigens appeared to be ‘switched off’ sequentially. In another, IgE antibodies to hyaluronidase rose substantially after 4 years of therapy. We believe that these results provide evidence to support the view that the regulation of IgE antibodies is controlled by mechanisms that are both isotype‐ and ant

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02846.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY