摘要:

SummaryA collaborative study was carried out to determine the reproducibility of the inhibition form of the radioallergosorbent test (RAST). Seven laboratories were provided with three coded extracts of cocksfoot(Dactylis glomerata)pollen. All laboratories used a common method of RAST inhibition and were supplied with all reagents required to carry out the assays. In addition, four laboratories used local methods of RAST inhibition. Potency estimates were in reasonable agreement between laboratories when the study method was used but insufficient data were available to assess reproducibility when local methods were used.Two extracts prepared from the same source material were found to have parallel log dose‐response lines but the line for the unrelated extract was steeper in all but one of the assays. This finding was an indication that the third extract differed qualitatively from the other extracts.It was concluded that the use of a study method of RAST inhibition resulted in good agreement between potency estimates obtained by different laboratorie

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTo establish relative protection against methacholine and histamine, 40 μg of ipratropium bromide, an anticholinergic compound, 1.3 mg of metaproterenol or placebo aerosols were administered by metered‐dose inhaler prior lo inhalation challenge with methacholine or histamine in nine asthmatic subjects. Double‐blind, randomized challenges were performed. Subjects required a mean methacholine dose of l.72 ± 0.73 and 2.46 ± 0.72 (Ln inhalation units), and mean histamine dose of 2.l6 ± 0.65 and 2.68 ± 0.49, to cause a drop of 20% and 35% respectively in the FEV1following the placebo. In the methacholine challenges, both ipratropium bromide and metaproterenol had significant protection as compared to placebo (P<0.001). There was no statistical difference in the degree of protection against methacholine between ipratropium bromide and metaproterenol. In histamine challenges, metaproterenol had significant protection as compared to the placebo, while ipratropium bromide did not protect against h

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe clinical and immunologic features often patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), observed over periods varying from 12 months to 10 years, are reported.Acute attacks of ABPA were characterized by several, or all of: increased cough and sputum, haemoptysis, pleuritic pain, expectoration of sputum plugs, and increasing airways obstruction. Peripheral blood eosinophilia and acutely elevated serum IgE levels were seen in all patients during acute attacks, sputum eosinophilia and recovery ofAspergillusin sputum was less common. However, blood eosinophilia was not present in all attacks of ABPA and sputum eosinophilia varied similarly from one attack to another.Six patients with previously documented multiple precipitin lines have had no demonstrable precipitins toAspergilluson several occasions between attacks, three of these patients have also been negative during attacks. Five of the six patients have again developed positive precipitin lines.The total number of episodes in these ten patients was fifty two, three patients have had more than nine acute attacks of ABPA. There is no seasonal variation in this group of patients. Since diagnosis, only three patients have had an attack‐free interval longer than 12 months. Two patients are steroid‐dependent because of severe asthma, and nine have symptoms of bronchiecta

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe response to anti‐IgE serum of basophils from allergic and normal persons in the presence of whole plasma or as washed cells in Tyrode solution was examined to detect any inhibiting activity of human plasma. A factor reducing the potential of anti‐IgE serum to degranulate basophils was present in plasma of normal but not of allergic persons. It is considered that this property of plasma could contribute to homeostatic control in immediate hypersensitiv

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMethylation of membrane phospholipids is an important stage in the process of histamine release. This methylation reaction can be modulated by S‐adenosyl‐methionine (SAM) as well as by S‐adenosyl‐homocysteine (SAH). The influence of SAM and of SAH upon the histamine release of leucocytes from asthmatic and normal subjects were compared. In concentration of 10‐4M, SAM enhanced spontaneous and the specifically induced histamine release. In concentration of 10‐5M SAM enhanced the histamine release only in normals. This phenomenon could indicate a deficit in methyl‐transferase activity in the asthamatics.In concentration of 10‐4M, SAH reduced spontaneous and specifically induced histamine release, having an effect comparable to that of 10

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOne hundred and twenty‐five patients with asthma were questioned on the character of their symptoms in connection with cessation of tobacco smoking. Eighteen out of fifty‐nine patients who stopped smoking, reported worsening of their symptoms. The pathogenesis behind this effect may be the effect of tobacco smoke on the immune system particularly macrophages and T ce

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02188.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryProlonged observation of eight steroid‐dependent asthmatics show that the dose of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol may be increased in some cases up to 2000 μg daily without significant impairment in the results of serial tetracosactrin tests of adrenocortical function. These findings contrast sharply with the results of such tests during oral prednisolone thera

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02189.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryGastrointestinal permeability has been studied in a group of clinically proven food‐allergic eczematous children and compared with a control group using lactulose and L‐rhamnose as probe markers. No significant difference was demonstrated in baseline permeability measurements between eczematous and control children using isotonic or hypertonic oral loading. Similarly after antigen‐challenge permeability results showed no significant difference from the controls although two of the ten eczematous children challenged showed increased permeability to lactulose. These findings support the hypothesis that once sensitized the physiological absorption of dietary antigen may be sufficient to maintain an allergic response in the

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02190.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryRecurrent nocturnal asthma following a single exposure to Western Red Cedar sawdust was documented by measurements of peak flow rates in two sensitized subjects. The nocturnal asthma followed a dual asthmatic response in the first subject and a late (non‐immediate) asthmatic response in the second. Both subjects developed a 10‐fold reduction in the dose of histamine required to decrease the FEV1by 20%. This cedar‐induced increase in non‐specific bronchial reactivity was maximal at the time of the recurrent nocturnal asthma, and persisted after nocturnal asthma had ceased and after FEV1had returned to normal. We hypothesize that the enhanced non‐specific bronchial reactivity which occurs following late asthmatic responses to bronchial challenge is the cause of recurrent nocturnal asthma following single exposure to a sensitiz

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02191.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a double blind cross‐over comparison of a single dose 450‐mg slow‐release aminophylline (SRA) with placebo in eleven patients with stable, reversible airways obstruction SRA produced significantly greater increase in FEV1and vital capacity from 2 to 9 hr after administration. A second double‐blind cross‐over comparison of 450‐mg SRA with 400 mg of choline theophyllinate (CT) in eleven similar patients showed that SRA produced a slower rise in FEV1and VC than CT. However, the increase in spirometric readings following SRA was sustained at 9 hr after administration where the spirometric recordings after CT were falling. Whereas CT produced a peak value in plasma theophylline at 1 hr, the highest values after SRA occurred at 4 or 8 hr after administration. The plasma theophylline level at 8 hr after SRA was significantly higher than that following CT. In this single‐dose study, plasma theophylline levels obtained were within the normal therapeutic range and this was not exceeded and no side effects

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02192.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY