ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00251.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Most traditional work by political sociologists conceives of social movement activity and politics as pertaining only to the public world and political activity as inherently masculine. Women are virtually invisible in these accounts. That the nature of political and social change is shaped by the organization of gender is a fact obscured in the conceptualizations typically employed. One such concept is political generation. Virtually no scholarly work has been done to analyze women in terms of political generations. Political generations are taken as sex‐neutral phenomena with no hint that the organization of politics is based in the social organization of gender. Indeed, perhaps the major assumption of generational analysis, that generations are formed during youth and its accompanying period of rebellion and change, has not been subject to sustained scrutiny; this model may well capture the male, but possibly not, the female experience. Nevertheless, the generational model might be usefully applied to an understanding of the growth and transformation of the women's movement. When women are put at the center of inquiry, the notion of political generations takes on new meanings, and it raises questions about who, how, and when social groups come to experience similar perceptions and understandings of reality. This analysis begins with a selective summary of the assumptions and directions of generational analysis in social science. Contemporary media use of generational analysis follows with an eye to the ways in which media representation has shaped some women's movement dialogue. Feminist generational thinking is explored as it attempts to account for the history of the women's movements in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and for the relations of young and old in the contemporary movement. Possible directions for further research and reformulation are suggeste

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00252.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this paper we address the question of the existing and potential role of sociologists in the nuclear debate by first sketching some of the major nuclear issues, second by guaging the extent of professional attention which sociology has focused on nuclear issue. Our focus is on the professional sociological literature. In addition to it there is a vast peace literature which ranges from academic studies to newsletters and propaganda pieces. Sociologists may contribute heavily to the peace literature and be active in the peace or relatede campaigns, but we exclude these activities from our study. We view them as actions which sociologists do in their roles of concerned citizens. Our focus here is on the professional sociological literature and our comments pertain solely to it. We select thirteen journals to represent various aspects of this literature and review all issues from 1945 to the present to guage the coverage of nuclear issues in the sociological literature.

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The article hypothesizes that informal youth organizations influence processes of transition to adulthood by facilitating role development, that is, the conversion of child‐oriented roles into adult‐oriented ones. In an attempt to test the hypothesis, two variables were specified. Informality was defined in terms of seven organizational components: moratorium, symmetry, dualism, multiplexity, expressive instrumentalism, voluntarism, and pragmatical symbolism. The impact of these components on role development was measured by three indicators: Role Scope, Role Types and Role Aspects. Residential summer camps served as a quasi‐experimental laboratory for the research. A positive significant relationship was found between the level of informality and level of role development, especially in the long run. Findings are explained by the particular experiences youth undergo in informal socialization contexts, in which trial and error behavior, balanced reciprocity, and normative ambivalencies are institutiona

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was designed to test the designed to test the legitimacy‐conferring hypotheses as it relates to the United States Supreme Court. Conventional wisdom has long asscrted that the Court, in its role as interpreter of the Constitution, is a major force influencing the values and attitudes of Americans. However, little empirical research has been conducted on the issue, and that which has been conducted has been ambiguous. Using a split‐ballot experimental technique, we found support for the legitimacy‐conferring hypothesis among a sample of older Americans from twenty‐two different states across the U. S. We found five of nine proposals to be more strongly endorsed when their attributed source was the Supreme Court rather than the U. S. Congress or when the source was unattributed. A factor analysis of the items was used to discover underlying value‐orientations described by the nine items. An analysis to three derived factors added to our confidence in the legitimacy‐conferring

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines variables influencing the regional variations of life expectancy at birth in Taiwan. It is argued that rapid industrialization has been accompanied by negative factors which produced unexpected environmental pollution in Taiwan. We present an analysis focusing on the relationship between industrial pollution and regional variations of life expectancy at birth. The total nmber of factories is adopted as an indirect measure of industrial pollution. The 361 local areal units under study include precincts and urban and rural townships across the island. Findings support the hypothesis that there is a negative and significant relationship between total number of factories and the level of life expectancy at birth, after controlling other independent variables.

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00256.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thought by itself is incapable of arriving at truth. In fact, thought of the discursive form is a source of our incapacity to know. Knowledge‐including interpretation‐is conditioned by the limitations of the thought of Western rationality. However, within the esoteric or perennial tradition there is the possibility of anawarenessthat goes beyond the conditionality of thought. The path to awareness involves a transformation in our being, a transformation which allows a healing of the separation between the observer and the observed. To enter into this realm requires a mind that is unattached and compassionate. In mindfulness‐in attention to our oneness with all things‐we become aware of things as they really are, here

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three hundred seventy‐two volunteer firefighters from fifteen all‐volunteer departments in a five county area in central Virginia were administered a questionnaire which examined commitment and other attitudinal and demographic variables. The correlation coefficient between number of years a volunteer firefighter and age was. 77. Seventy‐five percent (273) of firefighters had seldom or never considered quitting their role. Seventy‐five percent indicated that over half of their close friends were fellow volunteer firefighters. Sixty‐seven percent responded that being a member of the fire department was of equal or greater importance than church membership. Theoretically it is plausible that the primary group rewards experienced by firefighters as members of communal organizations accounted for the high level of commitment. An empirical example of Smith's (1981) concept of pure volunteers is

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Dictionary of Quotations in Sociology. Panos Bardis. Westport, Conn. Greenwood Press, 1985.

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1988.tb00259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY