摘要:

AbstractThe prematurity stereotype is defined as a set of biased beliefs about infants who are identified as having been born prematurely. This article reviews studies that have explored how this prematurity stereotype may negatively influence adults' perceptions of, expectations for, and behavior toward premature infants. The findings from these studies are considered in the context of more general knowledge about how expectations can influence behavior and result in self‐fulfilling prophecies. Recent research designed to investigate how prematurity stereotyping can be reduced also is described and evaluated. Finally, the implications of this program of research for intervention with parents of premature infants and suggestions for future research directions are discusse

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<3::AID-IMHJ2280110102>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAt hospital discharge of their infant from a newborn intensive care unit, 50 mothers and fathers were interviewed and completed questionnaires. There were significant within‐couple correlations for appraisals of the harm that ensued from this crisis, perceptions of personal control over the infant's recovery, and expectations about the infant's future health and development. Mothers perceived more personal control, mobilized more social support, and used more escapist coping strategies than did fathers. Mothers and fathers exhibited different patterns of relations between their own coping strategies and emotional well‐being. But, neither the coping strategies used by one's spouse nor differences between spouses in the use of individual coping strategies correlated with emotional well‐being. Analysis of parents' perceived differences between their own and their partner's coping strategies suggested the possibility of mutually helpful, complementary strategies of coping with this pr

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<12::AID-IMHJ2280110103>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe treatment of a mother of quadruplets during the first year of the infants' lives serves as a case example of the issues associated with a multiple birth and how these issues can be addressed via parent/infant psychotherapy. Issues concerning an individual's self‐esteem, dependency, envy, and competency as a parent are exaggerated by a multiple birth. The ensuing developmental crisis provides an ideal opportunity for therapeutic wor

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<26::AID-IMHJ2280110104>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFactors that may adversely affect parenting of low birth weight infants, including infant characteristics, parental emotional responses to premature birth, and patterns of parent‐infant interaction, are reviewed. In addition, intervention studies designed to improve infant developmental outcomes through influencing parenting behaviors are examined. There was great diversity in theoretical frameworks, in timing of onset and frequency of interventions, and in measurement of outcomes. The interventions that were most effective in influencing behaviors and infant developmental outcomes were those in which there were multiple long‐term contacts with parents and/or those that actively involved them in the intervention. The specific theoretical framework upon which the interventions were based appeared to be of less importance in influencing results. In order to increase our knowledge and ability to provide costeffective programs, there is a need to focus attention and data collection efforts on the process and intermediary steps of intervention as well as on outcome measures. There is also a need to improve our ability to recruit and retain those families who are most at risk for parenting and infant developmental problems including those with very low birth weight infants, those whose infants have serious perinatal complications, and those with indications of high social risk such as poverty‐level incomes and problems of substance

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<37::AID-IMHJ2280110105>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExamples are given of research on (a) stressful procedures and assessments in the neonatal intensive care nursery and (b) natural caregiving stimulation and self‐comforting behaviors that alleviate these stressful experiences. The data from the studies on stressful procedures and assessments revealed that (a) weaning from mechanical ventilation was associated with increased plasma cortisol levels; (b) heelsticks and tube insertions for gavage feedings were accompanied by decreases in oxygen tension (TcPO2); and (c) Brazelton neonatal behavior assessments were followed by increased cortisol levels and decreased growth hormone levels. To alleviate stress, various interventions were tried including caregiver comforting techniques and giving the neonates opportunities to comfort themselves by sucking on pacifiers. The caregiver intervention studies revealed that (a) a simple placement of hands on the head and abdomen of the NICU neonate resulted in a lesser need for oxygen and (b) massaging the NICU neonate resulted in greater weight gain and earlier discharge. In those studies that explored the infant's self‐comforting, nonnutritive sucking behavior, the following results emerged: (a) sucking on pacifiers during heelsticks resulted in less crying and lower heart rate and respiration and (b) sucking on pacifiers during tube feedings resulted in smoother bottle feedings later and in greater weight gain. Thus, it appears that several forms of cost‐effective interventions can alleviate these stressful procedures and facilitate infant growth and develo

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<57::AID-IMHJ2280110106>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA brief summary of research, supportive of the idea that quality of parent‐infant interaction has a powerful effect on infant development, introduces an early intervention model based on that proposition. Also, central to the interaction model is the knowledge that (1) parent and infant both contribute to what happens between them and that (2) a multitude of factors, environmental and internal to parent and infant, affect the parent, the infant, and their interaction. Ten sets of principles and strategies that convey the essence of the interaction model constitute the core of this article. The principles and strategies address the importance of identifying sources of support and stress in the family, of developing relationships with both parents, and of supporting positive interactions between parents and the infant's siblings. The limitations of this model are also addressed, especially in cases where the parent is the primary risk factor. The infant's exposure to nurturing adults in quality day care programs and a more clinical approach with the parent and infant, such as Selma Fraiberg's model, may be more effective with such familie

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<66::AID-IMHJ2280110107>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<80::AID-IMHJ2280110108>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<82::AID-IMHJ2280110109>3.0.CO;2-0

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<84::AID-IMHJ2280110110>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199021)11:1<87::AID-IMHJ2280110111>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY