摘要:

AbstractThe goals of this paper are (1) to introduce a methodology developed to study mother‐infant separations that occur in the context of normal family life, including but going beyond separations associated with maternal employment; (2) to present illustrative data that describe the range of separations experienced by one sample of infants; and (3) to demonstrate how a focus on specific underlying dimensions results in a more precise characterization of the separation experience. It is necessary to identify the specific dimensions on which mother‐infant separations vary in order to clarify which aspects of separation are relevant to child outcome. Detailed histories of mother‐infant separations and concomitant substitute care during the first year of life were obtained by interview from 144 middle‐class mothers of first‐born infants. Far from being an unusual event, separation from mother was a normal experience during infancy for this sample. Six types of separation were identified, the majority of which have not been studied previously. Analyses indicated that naturally occurring mother‐infant separations can be differentiated statistically and compared in terms of amount of separation, stability of care, characteristics of caregivers, and characteristics of the substitute c

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198721)8:1<1::AID-IMHJ2280080102>3.0.CO;2-3

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPlay interactions between 36 college‐educated, middle‐income, working mothers and their infants, who had attended nursery school since 1 month of age, were videotaped when the infants were 12, 18, and 24 months of age. The videotapes were coded for mother and infant looking at each other, vocalizing, affectionate play, and constructive play. Changes noted in the infants' play behaviors across this period included an increase in infant vocalizations and constructive play and a decrease in affectionate play. These results, together with corresponding decreases in the mothers' constructive and affectionate play behavior, suggest growing autonomy of the infants' play and encouragement of autonomy by the mothers. Stability of behaviors across this period and stability of relations between infant and mother behaviors were only moderate. Comparison of these data with data from a study by Clarke‐Stewart and Hevey (1981) suggested greater frequency of interactive behavior among working mothers and their infants than among nonworking mothers and their in

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198721)8:1<19::AID-IMHJ2280080103>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractParenting a newborn infant has been identified as a significant stressor, and parenting a sick infant evokes an even greater stress. This study evaluated the differential impact of parenting infants with interrupted infantile apnea vs. extremely low birth weight infants. These infants were compared to normal infants on the Bayley Scales of Infant Assessment and the Parenting Stress Index when the infants were 6 months old. Significant effects on the mental index revealed that the low birthweight infants performed more poorly than did the other groups. A stepwise multiple discriminant analysis on the Parenting Stress Index suggested that child adaptability, maternal restrictions, isolation, and health were significant stressors. Mothers of apneic infants were affected most severely by their child's illness. The lower educational level of these mothers may have influenced these findings.

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198721)8:1<28::AID-IMHJ2280080104>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClinical experience indicates that fathers have a salient influence on the development of non‐organic failure to thrive (NOFT) infants and on the feeding and attachment disturbances that often accompany this pediatric condition. As shown in case examples, fathers influence the origins and outcomes of NOFT through their participation in maladaptive patterns of parenting and/or conflicts with the child's mother, which disrupt maternal emotional adjustment and maternal‐child interactions. Clinical assessment of paternal influences through interview and observation can help formulate more realistic treatment planning and family‐centered interventions for NOFT chi

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198721)8:1<37::AID-IMHJ2280080105>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInfants diagnosed non‐organic failure‐to‐thrive (NOFT) show arrested physical development. The cause of the growth delay and of the accompanying behavioral anomalies is not known, but generally is attributed to maternal deprivation. This study investigated the hypothesis that family hostility was also a contributing factor. NOFT families were compared with maltreating and adequate families and found to be larger and more intact, but characterized by extremely distressed interpersonal relationships and family violence. This result was interpreted as suggesting that NOFT resulted from the stress of both insufficient and inappropriate treatment of the infant. The source of the stress was observed to include the entire family, the members of which were displaying other psychosomatic manifestations of s

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198721)8:1<51::AID-IMHJ2280080106>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes programs developed in response to the dramatic rise in adolescent pregnancies and births during the past 15 years. In the main, these programs are targeted to reduce pregnancies among the teen population, as well as to teach teen mothers positive parenting and health care practices. The emphasis on parenting skills arose due to the fact that low‐birth‐weight and premature children tend to occur in large numbers in teen populations and that these children are at risk for child abuse and neglect. Primary prevention programs are designed, e.g., within school clinics that dispense contraceptives, and are among the most successful of the newer movements in the field. Greater attention currently is given to the teen father. An ideal program is presented and recommended for widespread adoption because the United States continues to experience large numbers of adolescent pregnanc

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198721)8:1<65::AID-IMHJ2280080107>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a new approach to training infant specialists. A joint Master's degree program, based in graduate schools of public health and education, emphasizes cross‐disciplinary coursework in maternal and child health and special education. The program emphasizes the importance of forging crucial linkages among the different disciplines and agencies that care for handicapped and at‐risk infants. The program emphasizes improved skills in assessing, planning, and intervening on behalf of infants at risk for developmental delays or with severe or multiple handicaps; the ability to work with families; and the ability to develop and appraise community resour

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198721)8:1<76::AID-IMHJ2280080108>3.0.CO;2-O

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198721)8:1<::AID-IMHJ2280080101>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY