ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<3::AID-IMHJ2280090102>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAs President of the World Association for Infant Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines the Editor has invited me to introduce this issue, which continues with papers from the Stockholm Congress. Advances in developmental biology and medical genetics make it clear that the future of psychiatric and mental health research will be centered in preventive intervention. This prospect highlights the need for more knowledge about environmental/individual interactions. The caregiving relationship experience is a crucial aspect of these interactions and frames the later development of strength or disorder. Several papers in this issue focus on the caregiving experience and provide me an opportunity to offer some reflections on the nature of experiencing and reexperiencing. Propositions that seem important include the following: The experience of caregiving involves a reexperiencing of earlier represented relationships; reexperiencing in this sense involves other past relationships that had a similar role relationship context; reexperiencing involves a dynamic interplay on both sides of a represented role relationship (that is, self and other interacting); early formative relationships are apt to be represented as affective prototypes such that reexperiencing occurs mainly without conscious awareness. Understanding such affective representations can guide infant psychiatry as it opens new opportunities for brief interventions. These can benefit infants and caregivers through the medium of the infant‐caregiver relationship experience. Activating formative aspects of that experience can promote health and the strengths of individuality and provide a buffer against illness and self‐defeating attitu

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<4::AID-IMHJ2280090103>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDirect observations and video recordings of mother‐infant dyads are used to study the organization of fantasmatic interactions. The infant is represented in the mother's fantasmatic life as the child of the desire for maternity and is represented in her imaginary life as the child of the desire for pregnancy. During pregnancy, therefore, the fetus serves a dual function for the mother: One function is fantasmatic, marked by its mother's intrapsychic conflict; the other function is imaginary, as constructed from the mother's latent thoughts. Evidence from clinical studies illustrates the role of life events in structuring both the fantasmatic and the imaginative infant. Therapeutic interventions can be facilitated by having parents view videotapes of their interactions with their infants. Other implications for therapeutic interventions are suggeste

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<10::AID-IMHJ2280090104>3.0.CO;2-I

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRepresentation‐oriented brief psychotherapy with mother‐infant dyads is used to examine correspondences between maternal behaviors and maternal representations of her infant. A single case study is presented to illustrate how one can objectify interactional variables that may correspond behaviorally to underlying maternal mental representations. This paper presents the results of a collaboration that focuses on the process of enacting fantasy via the domain of behavior. Attention is drawn to interacted themes that are enacted versions of representational themes. Enacted themes are pathogenic in behavioral terms for the infant. Five themes are identified in the case material. Changes in the mother's representations affect both the mother‐infant relationship and the infant's functi

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<20::AID-IMHJ2280090105>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<46::AID-IMHJ2280090106>3.0.CO;2-S

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA strong public reaction to the low birth rate in the early 1930s became the starting point for many socioeconomic, social, and educational reforms in the decades that followed. Alva and Gunnar Myrdal regarded the low birthrate as a symptom of a badly organized society and not as something that was desirable from an economic point of view. In order to gain more than illusionary improvements, the whole society had to change direction. Society was to be responsible for equal rights for all children regardless of the socioeconomic and mental premises of their parents. This was to be and still is the main objective of most child‐welfare and child‐care programs. The influence of different psychological theories that concern the needs of young children may be observed from the sixties onward. The more active role of the fathers in the daily lives of young children is a special kind of intervention. The law against physical punishment in child rearing is another example of the influence of knowledge and research on the field of child psychology. The emphasis on parent education in new forms is discussed as an example of a change in perspective with regard to the methods of information to parents over the ye

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<49::AID-IMHJ2280090107>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn Paris' 14th district (an urban community of 140.000), a pilot experiment has been carried out over a period of 10 years‐from 1976 to 1986‐directed toward the establishment of a coordinated, all‐embracing, very early prevention policy whose beneficiaries are the children who reside there, including even those from the very poorest families. This paper presents the various research‐action techniques that have been developed, especially those activities used by the United Childhood Section. This Section (S.U.E.) has permitted the institution of early preventive measures, as well as many new initiatives in the domain of practical preventive applications, and has allowed continual theoretical thought to spring from concrete activities. Through the participation of all kinds of social personnel who, for whatever reason, see any given child, it has been possible to reduce considerably the number of individuals who have contact with any one family; to reduce the total number of foster placements; to evaluate each kind of aide proffered; and, in every case, to respect the rules of infant mental hygiene. It has been possible to take preventive action truly early by refining well‐known clinical elements (neonate functional difficulties, maternal depression, etc.) and by intervening during pregnancy in lying‐in facilities, in neonate departments, in day‐care centers, and with mother's helpers.Two clinical and theoretically relevant cases are presented. One involves a classified list of risk indicators for different stages of infancy, and the other involves a validation in an 8‐year longitudinal epidemiological study of the mental health of 400 children identified during their first year by use of these very early indic

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<54::AID-IMHJ2280090108>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRapid changes in family life have created enormous challenges and pressures on developing families ‐ divorce, two working parents, disappearance of the extended family, unclear cultural values for our children's future, poorly defined support systems for stressed families, inadequate substitute care when both parents work‐all contribute to an anxious atmosphere for young families. Parents who must return to work „too early”︁ (and we have no established standards yet for what this means to either child or adult development) seem to grieve about the loss of the relationship with the developing child. They may even set up defenses against making a strong and painful attachment. They may not become involved in the child's development in a way that will foster their own development as nurturing adults. The grieving and the necessary defenses against it are predictable and must be mitigated in order to foster nurturing adults within the family. Children must be provided with caring, intensely involved adults in order to assure their optimal future development. We must provide them and their parents with adequate substitute care. This paper suggests adjustments at the industrial level that must be made to foster parental involvement and to assure positive outcomes for future ge

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<65::AID-IMHJ2280090109>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMaternal refusal of psychiatric services can pose a problem for both the family and mental health practitioners. With a sample of mothers who had refused psychiatric services in the past, the present study examined the effectiveness of initiating and maintaining mental health services when midwives acted as mediators. After the midwives had developed a relationship with the mothers, suggestions for mental health services were made again. For part of the sample, therapists accompanied the midwife on a home visit and scheduled subsequent therapy sessions in the home. For the remaining subjects, referrals were made to the local community mental health center. Results indicated substantially greater success in both the initiation and maintenance of therapy when midwives acted as mediators and therapy continued in the home.

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<72::AID-IMHJ2280090110>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports on the experience accumulated over more than 10 years by the multidisciplinary team of a Center for early medico‐social action in accompanying infants at risk after they leave a Neonatology Center. The members of this team, located in the same building, came to the conclusion that the difficulties encountered are in part connected directly with the psychological trauma experienced during the infant's stay in the hospital and with a poor elaboration of the affects of this period and inadequate planning for appropriate action during this time. As a result, well before they leave the hospital, arrangements are made for immediate support to the children and their families. The support is determined by the seriousness of the situation, whether it be the disease itself, the long stay in the hospital, or some particular weakness in the family. These activities have been intensified in the past 3 years and have been strengthened with regard to children with broncho‐pulmonary dysplasia or ulcero‐necrotizing enterocolitis. They also are concerned with infants with severe neurological lesions, particularly porencephalia, and children whose mothers are alcoholics, drug addicts, or psych

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(198821)9:1<82::AID-IMHJ2280090111>3.0.CO;2-D

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY