摘要:

AbstractNew product successd is largely determined by the way a firm conceives, develops and commercializes a new product—the new product process. Traditionally, the new product process is portrayed as proceeding in an orderly, stepwise fashion from product idea to launch. This article reports the results of a research study whose purpose was to uncover what actually occurs during the new product process. Fifty‐eight case histories were obtained from industrial product firms, and their process flow charts analyzed using a novel comparison method. No two projects were found to follow the identical process, and seven distinct types of processes were identified. Several of the processes were found to yield generally inferior results. The “best’ process, in terms of success versus failure and overall program performance, featured a balance between marketing oriented and technically oriented activities, and was characterized by a large number of varied steps in the

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1983.tb01124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEmpirical Research about management of innovation has mainly been limited to the Anglo‐Saxon world. In this paper the author reports on a pilot study, which is part of a larger project, in ten small and medium‐sized Belgian companies, all of them active in rather mature industries. The study concerned aspects of idea generation, problem‐solving, project selection, and some organizational aspects of the innovation process. An interesting hypothesis resulting from this study is that innovation is mainly an incremental process along a natural trajectory characteristic for the subindustry to which the company belongs, and that the selection process is for the majority of these companies only a minor pr

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1983.tb01125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe micro‐computer is claimed to have lost its designation “Hobbyist” and to provide a real computing facility for professionals at low cost and high convenience. The authors have taken a number of decision‐making and forecasting systems and “translated” them to operate on a variety of micro‐computers including the Texas TI 59, the Sinclair ZX 81, the Commodore PET and VIC and the Apple II. Experience in operating the “translated” programs on the small machines has shown perhaps surprising advantages over the main‐frame versions from which they were devised.The paper is in two parts. In the first part the use of micro‐computers is discussed in the light of our experience and in the second part the operation of the programs is explained. The use of standard software packages in R&D is not discussed. The programs which are discussed with examples of their use are:MAUDE derived from the main‐frame decision analysis program AIDARELEVANCE a resource allocation ANALYSIS algorithmMARKOV CHAIN a stochastic ANALYSIS approach to forecastingCROSS IMPACT a policy analysis tool based on KISM Cross‐impact languageLINKAGE an extensio

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1983.tb01126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study sponsored by the State Committee for Science and Technical Progress of Bulgaria aimed at providing a theoretically sound and easy to apply method for the needs of R&D management on government, organization and team levels, to be used in assessing and managing both present and future R&D potential.The method draws inferences about R&D potential from the accumulated experience and performance of the researchers, analysed along research topics. A specific ‘man‐topic unit of analysis helps identify individual researchers, teams and projects’ profiles and also helps translate the specific characteristics of R&D work and the requirements for R&D internal effectiveness into the language of R&D manag

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1983.tb01127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1983.tb01128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1983.tb01129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1983.tb01130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1983.tb01131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY