摘要:

AbstractOver the last twenty years evidence has been accumulating in favour of targeting innovative early‐stage entrepreneurs for new forms of assistance. Experimental programming has been underway to find new ways to effectively support technologically innovative entrepreneurs. Further experimentation is needed to overcome remaining uncertainties and continuing objection

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1987.tb00043.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe author sets out to critically reassess the conventional wisdom that, in the high‐tech semiconductor market at least, R&D and innovation demands inter‐firm collaboration and significant government intervention and funding. The hinge of his critique is that arguments for extensive collective work are dominated by technology and underestimate the need of individual firms to put the effect on their competitiveness first when new technology is on the agenda for development. Government sponsored collective agreements may in fact result in loss of competitiveness if they encourage technology inappropriate for market needs. In fact, R&D is not the only important contributor to innovation; licensing‐in an existing technology new to the firm may be an equally effective means of achieving competitiveness.The author concludes that the value of technical agreements to a firm will differ from industry to industry and from nation to nation, but, whatever the situation, in making the decision whether or not to participate it must be expected a firm will give priority to maintaining its competitiv

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1987.tb00044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractScience parks—high technology property developments associated with universities—have suddenly proliferated in Britain. Local authorities, universities and public sector development agencies are now eager to exploit what seems an obvious way of stimulating high technology industry. Though much of their enthusiasm is a product of self interest, it is justified by arguments that science parks provide conditions conducive to high technology industry's prosperity. These arguments are hard to accept, but then so too is the reasoning that perceives easy and instant benefits from high technology. Such euphoria is in stark contrast to the reality that will probably face many British science parks. Keywords: science parks, high technology, universities, Britain, information f

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1987.tb00045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe authors have set out to review the procedures used in the allocation of public money by the Federal German government for research into ‘clean’ technologies. Public sponsorship of this kind of research is necessary as industrial firms rarely see enough return for their R&D investment to warrant their carrying it out. The authors have surveyed the methods used by the government funding agency (BMFT) to identify projects and to allocate money to them. 82 projects were included in the survey in the fields of low‐emission processes.Projects were segmented in five ways: Status of the receiver; Type of technology; R&D stage (from basic through demonstration plant); Cooperative versus non‐cooperative, Environmental medium. Their broad conclusions are that (a) most of the funds went to projects for the development of ‘end‐of‐the‐pipe‐cum‐recycling’ technologies and integrated technologies, (b) where there was cooperation between a firm and a university the R&D concentrated on studying basic principles, and (c) success depends on the existence of a clear strategy for the research as a whole rather than on ad hoc monitoring against a narrowly conceived plan. The authors also summarise the problems met in ensuring that money allocated in this wa

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1987.tb00046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper looks at a number of others which bear on the interface between Corporate Strategy and R&D Planning to see if a more systematic approach can suggest a sequence to be followed so that Corporate Strategy can be seen as a source of ideas for R&D.The purpose of R&D is defined in terms of contributing to the competitiveness of the Company or Business Unit being served. The areas of competition or threats from the external environment are then explored using a model taken from Porter's book ‘Competitive Strategy’. Each area of competition is considered in turn and strategies identified which might enable the company to maintain its competitive edge. Sub‐objectives for the R&D function can then be determined allocating resources and time for their completion.It is the performance of the R&D function inj fulfilling these sub‐objectives which can be the basis of measuring the effectiveness

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1987.tb00047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1987.tb00048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY