摘要:

AbstractHarwell's primary role. is to serve as the main research laboratory supporting the U. K. nuclear power development programme; in addition it undertakes research and development outside of the nuclear field for Government and industrial customers. Overall, there is the need to manage a very large number of separate and often disparate items of work and to ensure effective communication with senior managers of the nuclear power programme and with commercial customers on allocation of resources and technical progress. This is done through a version of “matrix management”. A large proportion of the technical, commercial and staff management decisions are devolved within Harwell's matrix organisation where teams of staff required for particular items of R&D are formed by arrangements agreed locally between the two axes of the matrix. The smaller groupings of staff created in the matrix are important in providing environments where good staff management practices can be established and where a team spirit aids motivation and technical initiat

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1982.tb00477.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study, carried out in a large laboratory, shows that performance increases up to 1. 5 years tenure, stays steady for a time but by five years has declined noticeably. This tendency is best accounted for by the marked decline in communication rate among group members and between them and critical external sources of information. The authors analyse the significance of this finding and suggest means of maintaining the vitality of long‐standing project teams.The study, carried out in a large laboratory, shows that performance increases up to 1. 5 years tenure, stays steady for a time but by five years has declined noticeably. This tendency is best accounted for by the marked decline in communication rate among group members and between them and critical external sources of information. The authors analyse the significance of this finding and suggest means of maintaining the vitality of long‐standing project te

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1982.tb00478.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA number of hypotheses are stated relating company technical sector success in the generation of new products to factors at the R&D/ Production Interface. Statistical differences and correlations between these factors are used to evaluate the hypotheses.The results suggest a strong link between productivity and expenditure per head in the R&D function, the unique fitness of the German Ing. Grad. engineer for the role of Project Manager and the importance to U. K. industry of project integration, flexibility of operation, absence of status consciousness and clarity of problem definition.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1982.tb00479.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe current state of the art of technology forecasting (TF) is critically reviewed. A statement of the aims of TF, which distinguish it from futurology, a brief history and a summary of the basic principles are provided. The last includes the technological escalation, technological succession, societal impact and methods of quantification. TF techniques are divided into two pairs of classes: extrapolative versus normative and single‐variable versus multivariable. Each is critically evaluated in terms of its potential applicability and reliability. Substitution analysis, Delphi techniques, cross impact analysis and morphological analysis are treated in some detail.It is concluded that some form of TF is essential to the success of strategic planning and its use will undoubtedly increase in the futur

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1982.tb00480.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper outlines two innovative projects carried out within the same organisation, but with markedly differing results. One has been satisfactorily completed while the other, although having run for much longer, is still experiencing technical problems. The two projects, British Rail's Advanced Passenger Train, and High Speed Train, are examined in relation to the concept of uncertainty. It is suggested that many of the points upon which the projects are differentiated can be attributed to the degree of uncertainty to which they were subject. It is concluded that one means of handling the uncertainty associated with development programmes is to adopt a flexible approach. It is noted, however, that flexibility may not be simply a question of personnel or organisational disposition, but can be influenced by the characteristics of particular projects.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1982.tb00481.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1982.tb00482.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY