摘要:

Soft tissue tumor pathology is an actively evolving field. Novel clinicopathologic entities are reported each year, and ongoing histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular reappraisals lead to evolution in the categories to which each tumor type is assigned. In some cases, the advent of new nonmorphological information suggests that some soft tissue tumors, previously regarded as different, are in fact closely related entities in a common spectrum of disease. Needless to say, sometimes there are substantial differences of opinion, amongst experts, as to which tumor types should be regarded as distinct, and which are closely related to each other. Therefore, critical and ongoing reassessment of the myriad of soft tissue tumor categories is intrinsic to the field. Most such evaluations are based primarily on skillful histopathologic assessment integrated with judicious application of ancillary techniques. Recently, Nielsen et al. explored the intricate lattice of soft tissue tumors using cDNA microarray technology. cDNA expression profiles of different soft tissue tumors were consistent with current morphology-based categorizations. Importantly, the profiles revealed new constellations of tumor markers that should lead to refinements in soft tissue tumor classification, and ultimately to predictors of prognosis and therapeutic response.

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Ideally, the bone marrow core biopsy should be reviewed with knowledge of the clinical history, complete blood count, and findings in the peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirate smears. However, for a variety of reasons, the pathologist may receive the core biopsy and aspirate clot section without all of this information. Although this approach is not optimal, a great deal of valuable information can be generated from these specimens. Over the past 20 years, there has been considerable progress in the fields of flow cytometric analysis, immunohistochemistry, and molecular diagnostic studies that can be performed on smears or extracted DNA from paraffin embedded tissue. These modalities have augmented and refined diagnostic criteria formerly ascertained by light microscopy, cytochemistry, and cytogenetics. This is particularly true of some myeloid and lymphoreticular neoplasms where a collaborative and multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis has become necessary. Despite this growing complexity and dependence on newer methodologies, the traditional role of histopathology in evaluating the bone marrow biopsy remains as important as it has been in the past. In this review, we focus on contemporary practices and expectations for interpreting bone marrow biopsies and clot sections.

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Through a brief introduction of inhibin history, characteristics of the antibody against inhibin, and normal tissue distribution of &agr;-inhibin expression, this comprehensive review focuses on a practical approach to using &agr;-inhibin in the differential diagnosis of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (SCSTs). Alpha-inhibin has become a most useful immunohistochemical marker of gonadal SCST, regardless if the tumors are primary, recurrent, or metastatic. However, pathologic diagnosis of individual SCST is still based largely on morphologic criteria. Alpha-inhibin immunohistochemical (IHC) staining should be used only when a difficult morphologic diagnosis is encountered. In this perspective, &agr;-inhibin and other properly selected markers should be ordered at the same time. This is simply because &agr;-inhibin is not specific for SCSTs. Caution should be exercised in the interpretation of &agr;-inhibin-positive cells, because a wide variety of primary and metastatic ovarian tumors may contain significant numbers of &agr;-inhibin-positive stromal cells. As with other immunohistochemical stains, a panel of stains and comparison with the corresponding hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides is necessary, especially when staining patterns and cellular localization are in question. The antibody will not help to differentiate tumors within the category of SCST. The pattern or the intensity of staining in SCSTs does not predict tumor behavior, although there is a tendency of loss of &agr;-inhibin expression in poorly differentiated Sertoli or Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. In cases where metastatic granulosa or Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors are a concern, positive &agr;-inhibin staining is diagnostic, but a negative result does not rule out metastatic disease. Calretinin has been recently recognized as a more sensitive, but less specific marker for SCSTs and it may be used to recognize an inhibin-negative SCST. In this review, we have listed nine of the most commonly encountered clinical scenarios where &agr;-inhibin and other markers could be used in diagnostic surgical pathology of ovarian tumors.

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Hepatocyte paraffin-1 (HepPar-1) is a recently developed monoclonal antibody that appears to identify an antigen unique to hepatocellular mitochondria. This article reviews the use of this new antibody in the differential diagnosis of primary hepatocellular neoplasms, cholangiocarcinomas, and carcinomas metastatic to the liver. Hepatocyte paraffin-1 appears to be the most sensitive and specific positive marker of hepatocellular differentiation, but like any immunohistochemical marker, should be interpreted only in the context of the overall clinicopathologic picture and as part of a panel of antibodies.

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID