ISSN:0894-3214    

DOI:10.1002/pts.2770030102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe paper formulates a complex model of climatic stress, which influences packages during transport and/or storage in natural climatic conditions. As all methods of prediction of material deterioration under real operating conditions are necessarily based on model test results, the proposed laboratory model works both with dominant sensitivities (or features) of the protected product and the main climatic hazards that may cause damage during distribution. The model is solved as a set of rules, which determine—within the pre‐defined limits—the laboratory multitest schedule for each specific case.The philosophy of the test is based on a well‐known idea that transformation of the real stress into a model stress makes it possible, for any real time, place and conditions, to deduce an equivalent model stress. The direct relation between test schedule and real climatic conditions is provided by selecting such test parameters (temperature, both relative and absolute humidity, UV radiation, additional mechanical stress) as those that arise from the real climatic characteristics.Values of the probable maximum climatic hazards during transport and/or storage were determined on the basis of an analysis of the daily, monthly and yearly meteorological data f rom more than 500 stations in Europe and Asia. The results were combined with those of monitoring parameters of transport container microclimates during land and sea transport.From the viewpoint of economic pressure relating to the development of modern protective systems, the test helps to meet the rising demand for package reliability while decreasing their productio

ISSN:0894-3214    

DOI:10.1002/pts.2770030103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResearch relating to ionizing treatment has been carried out on ‘food simulants polyethylene film’ combinations. Pouches have been irradiated by gamma photons or accelerated electrons at a 10kGy dose. Overall, the migration test has given some interesting results, particularly in the case of acid simulant, where a limit of validity has been found for the overall migration method. Many radiolytic products and degradation reactions have been indicated, and it has been established that the high permeability of packaging film to oxygen had influenced the radiolytic product yields. The results show some interactions between packaging film and food simulant under irradiation conditi

ISSN:0894-3214    

DOI:10.1002/pts.2770030104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the cross‐cutting of plastic films, the edge life of knives ends when the cutting‐edge geometry in the transition zones is deformed to such an extent that a complete separation of the packaging material web is no longer possible. In nine long‐term tests under almost field conditions, those knife and machine parameters were investigated that determine the development of these zones. It is shown that longer knife‐edge lives can be obtained with high contact pressures, high angles of mesh, low dihedral angles and low cutting speeds. Lateral relative movements of the packaging material web proved to be a distinct improvement. The knife‐edge life criterion was determined by the presence of transitional zones of ‘wear’ at the extremes of the cutting zone. The quality of cutting edge and value of cutting pressures do not provide reliable information on the wearing condition

ISSN:0894-3214    

DOI:10.1002/pts.2770030105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0894-3214    

DOI:10.1002/pts.2770030106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0894-3214    

DOI:10.1002/pts.2770030107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA high‐speed motion analysis technique for measuring shocks in cushioned drops is developed and compared with the conventional accelerometer method. Actual drop‐test results show significant differences between the measured peak decelerations using the two methods. The drop‐test results are also compared with the published cushion‐curve data and are again found to be in disagreement. The errors associated with each method are discussed and related back to the observed differences in measured accel

ISSN:0894-3214    

DOI:10.1002/pts.2770030108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0894-3214    

DOI:10.1002/pts.2770030109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0894-3214    

DOI:10.1002/pts.2770030101

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY