ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1955.tb00403.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISThe vector representation of interference contrast is discussed and it is shown that it leads to results identical in principle with those of phase contrast. Any problem in interference contrast can be expressed in terms of an equivalent phase‐contrast system and vice versa. After analysing a number of special cases, a simple method of interconversion between phase and interference contrast is described. The effects of varying the phase and amplitude controls of an interference contrast system are discussed in terms of the characteristics of the equivalent phase‐contrast system. It is shown that one of the most important advantages of interference contrast is that it enables Richter's condition to be obtained quite simply by making the two interfering beams equal in intensity. This enables any phase detail to be made perfectly black and is useful for quantitative measurements of phase cha

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1955.tb00404.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISWith sunlight dark‐ground microscopy two new spirilla, one motile and the other not, at first showed typical single polar flagella and later polar flagella dissimilar in number, shape, size, and place of attachment. After that many frankly lateral flagella of various kinds arose, bringing about a peritrichous appearance. Finally the spirilla became covered with a mass of fibrils mixed with odd flagella. Cell walls of spirilla apparently contain a network of submicroscopic fibrils. These may become twisted into typical and atypical flagella and may also come off as masses of fibrils. None of these structures can be regarded as motor organ

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1955.tb00405.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISIn this new lamp, the source of light is an ordinary domestic pearl bulb. In front of this is placed a bull's‐eye, which prevents the formation of an image of the pearl surface in the plane of the object and produces even illumination over the whole field of view. Since the illuminated surface of pearl glass is large, the whole of the aperture of any condenser is filled with light. The illumination is suitable for all objectives from 16 mm. (and more, if a low‐power substage condenser is used) to 2 mm., without change of bull's‐eye. Very exact setting of the direction of the beam of light is not necessary. It is claimed that this simple lamp gives the best possible illumination in all cases in which intensity of light is not the main consider

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1955.tb00406.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISA freeze‐dryer is described which can easily be made at relatively low cost. A brief account of its operation is given. The various methods of dealing with frozen‐dried tissue for cytoplasmic studies are also described and a comparison made between the reliability of these methods and those customarily employed by cytologists in morphological (as distinct from chemical) studies of cells.When pancreatic tissue was frozen‐dried, fixedafterembedding, and subsequently stained, the cells and their inclusions were both inadequately preserved and stained. When similar tissue was frozen‐dried and fixed with formalin vapourbeforeembedding, the results were more satisfactory. However, in neither case was the quality as good as that obtained using customary cytological methods.An alternative procedure was therefore adopted. The cells were stained intra‐ and supra‐vitally before freeze‐drying, embedded in paraffin wax, cleared in xylene, and mounted in Canada balsam. When examined with a Baker interference microscope, cells so treated were found to be stained and excellen

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1955.tb00407.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISA review is made of the current practice and problems of manufacturing and gauging screw threads of fine pitch on optical components. Comments are made on a recent United States draft Standard for microscope objective and nosepiece threads. Finally, recommendations are made for the revision of the R.M.S. Standard for microscope objective and nosepiece threads.

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1955.tb00408.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1955.tb00409.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Microscope Design and Construction.—B. O. Payne, M.Sc., D.I.C., F. Inst. P., F.R.M.S. CookeThe Pathogenesis of Cancer.—John E. Gregory,

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1955.tb00410.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1955

数据来源: WILEY