摘要:

SYNOPSISThe purpose of this paper is to show that refractive‐index measurements made by interference microscopes can provide much varied and interesting information about many of the visible constituents of living cells, and consequently about the cells as a whole.There are two main methods of measuring the refractive indices of cytoplasmic inclusions in living cells; by immersing the cells in non‐toxic isotonic mounting media with the same refractive index as their cytoplasm, and by compressing the cells to a determined thickness. Both these methods, which can under certain circumstances also be applied to measuring the refractive indices of nuclear inclusions, are described in detail.Usually, refractive‐index measurements made on an inclusion in a living cell are used to indicate the percentage of total solid and water present in that region, but, in addition, they can sometimes provide information about its submicroscopic molecular arrangement, its histochemical nature, and its permeability properties; and examples of all these interpretations are desc

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00482.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISMouse bone‐marrow cells have been treated with a 1:20,000 concentration of acridine‐orange and mounted on slides coated with nutrient agar. Under these conditions cells spread themselves rapidly, and active movements can be observed within a few minutes. When viewed with blue‐violet light a variety of marrow cells can be distinguished. The nuclei fluoresce green and the cytoplasmic granules fluoresce red; this cytoplasmic granulation is similar to that observed with phase‐contrast microscopy. Photographs were obtained using Ektachrome high‐speed colour film which permitted greatly reduced exposure times. Black and white bromide prints made from colour transparencies could be made without difficulty. These have the advantage of being free f

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00483.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00484.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISA method is described for preparing sections of teeth. In caries‐prone enamel it involves the destruction of the component of the matrix which commonly occurs in prism cores, and which is the vulnerable component during the onset of caries. In caries‐free teeth, and fluorozed teeth, the method used does not remove this component. In caries‐free teeth from A.D. 150 it is also unaffected, and it is deduced that its occurrence in the more easily degraded form is a result of pathological processes.In the calcification within dentinal tubules, often regarded as a secondary defence against caries, there are two types of calcifiable matrix, one being produced by the bacteria thems

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00485.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISThe histology is described, for the first time, of certain of the lymph nodes of the African Elephant(Loxodonta africanaBlumenbach), of the Great Indian Rhinoceros(Rhinoceros unicornisLinn.) and of the African Black Rhinoceros(Diceros bicornisLinn.): reference is made to the nodes of the African White Rhinoceros(Ceratotherium simumGray). All nodes studied prove to be hæmolymph organs

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00486.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISThe germ cells of the arthropodsOniscus asellus, Petrobius maritimus, andSchistocerca gregariahave been studied during spermatogenesis by a variety of modern cytochemical and enzyme‐blocking techniques. The chemical composition of the Golgi bodies, mitochondrial nebenkerne, nucleus, and cytoplasm has been determined and found to have some variation in distribution. The chemical composition of the centriole could not be determine

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00487.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISFourier transforms are proving to be of increasing value in the solution of problems in many fields of physics; in X‐ray diffraction studies in particular they find many applications. Their use, however, is often regarded as the province of the mathematician rather than of the physicist.This paper is intended to show that many of the useful concepts can be taught and assimilated visually, without mathematics, using optical diffraction patterns (usually called optical transforms). After an introductory section giving the basic principles and a brief description of the necessary apparatus, applications in musical analysis, in the study of resolution and image defects in microscopes, and in X‐ray crystallography are discus

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00488.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although this paper is based on a particular make of 35 mm camera, practically all the information contained herein will be of value to users of any 35 mm camera, irrespective of make.

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY