摘要:

The efficacy and cost effectiveness of rehabilitation is being closely scrutinized, and demand for cost containment and outcome accountability will most likely increase. Clinically, it has long been believed that timely and appropriate rehabilitation leads to Improved functional recovery in brain-injured individuals. Scientifically, however, controlled studies supporting this belief have been difficult to achieve. Recent credible studies on the benefit of rehabilitation include methods that compare outcomes of patients given rehabilitation versus those not given rehabilitation, different intensities or types of rehabilitation, preversus posttreatment abilities in a nonacute population, and early versus late Initiation of rehabilitation in matched groups. These studies arc reviewed, with commentary on future directions of rehabilitation research

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article critiques recent studies of the effectiveness of inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury with respect to how well they have controlled for the nature and severity of initial brain injury, time since injury, and preinjury characteristics of the subjects. These variables potentially confound the results of studies attempting to determine whether rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury results in improved outcomes and whether it is cost effective. To advance this field of research, investigators must be more uniform and explicit in the characterization of their subjects with respect to severity of injury and preinjury characteristics and more uniform in their selection of functional outcome measures, and they must use control groups of patients who receive few services or alternative treatments

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article presents a review of the literature on return to work for individuals with traumatic brain Injury, reported rates for and factors found to influence return to work, such as injury severity, preinjury variables, and postinjury services. The outcomes for 87 Individuals served in a supported work program are presented, using a variety of methodologies that have emerged for defining and measuring return to work

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Over the past 10 years, rehabilitation has assumed a primary role in the care and treatment of the patient with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). This has brought about increased attention to factors influencing outcome in this population. This article discusses the “state of the art” in assessment, treatment, and research specific to the underresponslve patient with severe TBI. Issues concerning diagnostic accuracy, methods of assessment, prognostic indicators, and treatment interventions are considered in relation to outcome. Recommendations for advancing the state of the art during the next decade are offered

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article examines the outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults 50 years and older. The literature concerning prognostic variables such as age and severity of injury is reviewed in relation to mortality and morbidity. Research is then presented on the cognitive and behavioral sequelae Identified by the authors in their two-center study. Findings on the early stages of recovery indicate that older adults display impairments in attention, memory, language, and executive processing. Moreover, family members observe changes involving cognition, mood, and social functioning. It is concluded that although TBI poses a significant problem for older adults, little systematic data have been collected focusing on their sequelae, recovery patterns, and rehabilitation needs. The neurobehavioral outcome of TBI in this subpopulation deserves extensive study because of injury and extra-injury differences such as pathophysiology, medical comorbidities, and psychosocial supports that differentiate these patients from young survivors

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article provides a selective review of factors that determine or are related to neuropsychological and psychosocial outcomes after head injury. These include preinjury characteristics of the injured person, head injury severity, other systems injury severity, early neuropsychological status, and time from injury to observation. More information has been accumulated about the relationships between these factors and neuropsychological outcomes than between these factors and psychosocial outcomes. Because many factors determine outcome, difficulties in persons with head injury should not be automatically assumed to be brain-injury related. The importance of natural history information for clinical and research purposes is discussed

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID