摘要:

The effects of therapist training techniques upon treatment outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) has not been widely studied. This study demonstrates that outcome scores are likely to increase when therapists work on outcome-related activities and use identified training methods. Six therapists working with five persons with TBI were subjects for this study. Therapists were targeted because their clients were not making progress on the functional independent measurement (FIM). Baseline teaching data were collected from videotapes, targeting 14 training elements within the areas of task, prompting, reinforcement, and client's behavior. Therapists were given feedback based upon the teaching diagnostic of the decision matrix. The results show that diagnostic-based intervention with therapists can result in direct, immediate, and obvious improvements in outcome measures across patients.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

National initiatives to achieve cost-efficient neurological rehabilitation have resulted in increased attention toward measurable and meaningful outcomes. This movement has prompted interest in alternative sites and methods of delivering services and securing rehabilitation outcomes. One of these alternatives, active neurological rehabilitation occurring in the patient's home and community, is presented. The present study demonstrates a single-case example of home-based interdisciplinary treatment driven by a behavior analysis. Results indicated improvement in all targeted outcomes. Assumptions necessary for treatment teams to establish outcome-driven rehabilitation are discussed.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The Natural-Setting Behavior Management Program (NSBM) is a mobile team approach that is designed to teach persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their caregivcrs how to implement and sustain homebased behavior management programs. Of 35 families assessed over a 3-year period, 17 were referred for NSBM training and 11 completed the program, including a 1-year follow-up. This group demonstrated an 82% improvement in target behaviors over the course of training, with the greatest improvement occurring during the education phase. These Initial results promote the value of family training programs to support community stabilization of persons with TBI who experience behavioral challenges.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Operant conditioning interventions for behavior management have been effectively implemented during both acute and long-term rehabilitation of children and adolescents with brain injuries. However, these interventions are often avoided during posttraumatic amnesia (PTA). Data are presented on the effects of operant conditioning interventions when implemented using single-subject experimental designs to reduce selected behaviors in six children when still in PTA. The potential benefits of early intervention with operant conditioning for children and adolescents after brain injury are discussed. The validity of measures of explicit memory as predictors of responsiveness to operant conditioning is questioned.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Studies have indicated that people with acquired brain injury (AIM) often lack knowledge about their injuries and are frequently unaware of or even deny injury residuals. As part of a neurobehavloral rehabilitation program, three adult males in this study were trained in knowledge of ABI residuals using a game format to present training information. Using a multiple baseline experimental design, the results indicated that all three participants Increased their percentage of correct responses in the study areas of behavior, emotion, cognition, communication, physical, and sensory residuals. However, subjective data related to the impact of these improvements on participant functioning were not consistent. More research is needed to determine the effects of training on participants' behavior in naturalistic situations.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Some individuals who survive brain injury exhibit behavioral challenges that can pose a significant threat to active participation in rehabilitation and successful community reintegration. A number of different neurological and environmental variables are known to affect the likelihood of such conditions. This study describes an assessment methodology for evaluating individuals who display severe behavior problems secondary to brain injury. Functional analyses were designed to isolate the relative effects of environmental factors on the behaviors. Results indicated that these methods were effective in isolating variables maintaining maladaptive behaviors such as aggression, self-injury, property destruction, and noncompliance. Treatment programs designed on the basis of functional analysis results were effective in increasing the frequency of prosocial and communicative responses, while simultaneously decreasing the frequency of maladaptive behaviors. As a result of intervention, the patients studied here were able to participate in vocational programming, educational services, and community-based residential placements. Implications for the development of other behavioral interventions based on functional analyses are discussed.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Persons with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) who return to work represent a group of consumers who may require high levels of interdisciplinary support and long-term maintenance. The coworker model, previously demonstrated to be effective for youths with cognitive and behavioral deficits, was modified for use with new and returning workers with a severe TBI, even at professional levels of employment. Preliminary results show that coworker trainers learned to apply the basic teaching sequence and basic organizational tools. Individual coworker salary subsidies to date have been under $400. Although natural supports of this type may not be required for a majority of individuals experiencing TBI, they appear to be extremely assistive for approximately one third of all project participants.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Three case studies are presented that used changing criterion or multielement, single-subject evaluation designs to manage treatment and document effect. Although this evaluation methodology is most frequently associated with “behavioral” interventions, each of the studies relied on multidisciplinary team involvement to design and implement interventions that were based on a heterogeneity of professional orientations. Results confirm the usefulness of these and other single-subject evaluation designs when addressing a variety of the clinical challenges that brain injury rehabilitation programs face.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID