ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background:Behavioral and cognitive problems are among the most common and troubling consequences of traumatic brain injury. Furthermore, behavioral and cognitive challenges typically interact in complex ways, necessitating an integrated approach to intervention and support.Objectives:This article reviews literature on behavioral outcome in children and adults with traumatic brain injury, traditional approaches to behavioral intervention and cognitive rehabilitation, and the history, principles, and assessment and treatment procedures associated with context-sensitive, support-oriented approaches to behavioral and cognitive intervention. We propose a clinical framework that integrates cognitive and behavioral intervention themes.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Objective:To investigate the effects of a multicomponent cognitive-behavioral intervention on the challenging behavior of two young children with growing behavioral concerns after traumatic brain injury.Design:Single-subject reversal designs were used to document the effects of the intervention on the specific dependent variables. In addition, qualitative data were collected to determine the children's long-term outcome and staff evaluations of the intervention.Participants:Both children were normally developing before injury at age 5 years. Both experienced increasing behavior problems as expectations in school escalated.Main Outcome Measures:Quantitative data included frequency and intensity of aggression and amount of work completed. Qualitative data included children's general engagement in school work and peer interaction and staff evaluations of the intervention.Intervention:The intervention included components of positive behavior supports, cognitive supports, and an executive function routine.Results:The targeted challenging behaviors were reduced to near zero with decreased intensity. Long-term outcome was positive.Conclusions:These results illustrate the potential for successfully treating behavior disorders in young children with traumatic brain injury using a support-oriented intervention that combines behavioral and cognitive components.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background:Based on the technologies of applied behavior analysis and person-centered planning, positive behavior support is a process for designing and implementing proactive behavioral interventions with the goal of positive lifestyle changes.Participants:The two adolescents who received the intensive, longitudinal, multicomponent intervention had experienced escalating behavior challenges over several years after brain injury in early childhood.Main Outcome Measures:Quantitative data included episodes of aggression and property destruction. Qualitative data included intensity of supports, family involvement, peer relationships, medication regime, vocational status, educational status, community access, and self-help skills.Research Design:A long-term, natural-environment, case-study method was used.Results:The targeted challenging behaviors were reduced to zero. In addition, the participants' domains of activity increased and self-management improved even as supports were systematically withdrawn.Conclusions:These results illustrate the potential for successfully treating extreme chronic behavior disorders after childhood brain injury.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background:Behavioral strategies often are used with people with acquired brain injury. Most involve the application of contingent reinforcement and punishment for selected behaviors or teaching important skills to overcome the challenging behaviors. However, consequential intervention and other strategies that depend on new learning may be precluded when working with individuals with significant short-term memory impairment.Main Outcome Measures:The present case study reports the results of non-consequential strategies based on a positive, multi-element model to address physical aggression and other related problems for such an individual.Results:Support did not involve the use of aversive consequences for challenging behaviors nor the use of physical management/restraint. The identified problems were effectively and safely addressed and community living in close proximity to his family was maintained.Conclusions:The implications of this approach for the support of people who face similar challenges are discussed, including the ability to address serious problems such as physical aggression without resorting to aversive procedures.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background:Individuals with brain injury are prone to severe behavior problems related to various postinjury variables, including confusion, emotional distress, fear of challenging activity, and loss of skills to access desired outcomes.Objectives:This article proposes the use of a new model, errorless rehabilitation, to improve rehabilitation outcomes by systematically focusing on graduated and success-based exposure of clients with brain injury to increasingly demanding circumstances, to provide them with the ability to tolerate and manage the natural environment.Main Outcome Measures:Research on difficulties parents with brain injury experience with their children is subsequently reviewed and a new approach (based on the same principles as Errorless Rehabilitation) to treatment of parent-child relationship issues after brain injury is described.Conclusions:A case study of a father with brain injury and his oppositional son is presented to demonstrate a specific application of this model for enhancing the quality of life of parents with such impairments.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID