ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated that human malignancies can synthesize large amounts of thromboxane. It has also been reported that thromboxane can significantly alter multiple components of physiologic and immunologic function. We investigated the effect of elevated levels of thromboxane on host response to tumor using multiple rat models, and the long acting thromboxane analogue U‐46619. Administration of the thromboxane analogue was not found to significantly alter the growth of primary tumors or peritoneal metastases. The analogue was found to significantly decrease mean survival time with a pulmonary metastases model. The thromboxane analogue failed to alter macrophage cytotoxicity, lymphocyte cytotoxicity, T lymphocyte subset numbers, or lymphocyte blastogenic response. Administration of the thromboxane analogue decreased the rate of lymphocyte metabolism of glucose and decreased lymphocyte intracellular adenosine deaminase activity. In conclusion, elevated thromboxane levels do not appear to alter primary tumor growth or host immune function, but do decrease resistance to pulmonary metastase

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe clinical efficacy of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) and the changes of immunological parameters were investigated. Nine patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer were treated with IORT (2,500‐3,500 cGy) and the changes of various immunological parameters were compared with those in 11 patients with advanced cancer who received external beam irradiation therapy (XRT), 2,500‐3,500 cGy. After IORT, 71% of patients obtained pain relief, two of the nine patients showed a partial response, and the serum CA 19‐9 level decreased in six patients. However, the median survival was only 210 days. Natural killer activity, lymphokine‐activated killer activity, and interferon γ‐activated killer activity were not inhibited by IORT, and phytohemagglutinin‐induced blastogenesis was actually augmented after IORT, whereas all these parameters were inhibited by XRT. Thus, it is suggested that IORT may augment or at least stabilize systemic antitu

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe exact risk of developing a second primary cancer following radiotherapy for testicular seminoma is not known. At the Northern Israel Oncology Center, between the years 1968‐1988, 75 patients with early stage (I,IIA) testicular seminoma were treated by orchiectomy followed by radiation therapy. The overall 10‐ and 20‐year survival probability was 95% and 90%, respectively. Eight patients (11%) developed nine second cancers, with a cumulative rate of one case per 1,000 years of follow‐up. The second primary cancers were: two bronchogenic carcinomas, one contralateral seminoma, one thymoma, one papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, one carcinoma of the stomach, one transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, one carcinoma of the colon, and one malignant melanoma. Three of these tumors developed within the irradiated field. Five of these eight patients are alive with no evidence of recurrent cancer. We conclude that patients treated for seminoma have an increased risk of developing a second cancer. There is a need for greater awareness of this possibility. The overall prognosis remains fa

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLiposomes as drug carriers in cancer chemotherapy have attracted considerable interest. To enhance the therapeutic effect of Adriamycin entrapped in liposomes (Lip‐ADM) on human solid tumors, we investigated the therapeutic effects of Lip‐ADM in combination with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor‐α (rTNF‐α), which is known to have specific effects on tumor vasculature. rTNF‐α or saline solution was injected intravenously into nude mice bearing a human colon cancer strain, HC‐1, at 1 hour before intravenous administration of Lip‐ADM. The significant therapeutic effect of Lip‐ADM in combination with rTNF‐α was demonstrated by the evaluation with tumor growth curve and the actual tumor weights, in comparison with groups of mice treated with saline solution, rTNF‐α alone, or with a Lip‐ADM after saline. Levels of Adriamycin in tumor tissue in the Lip‐ADM in combination with rTNF‐α‐treated group were higher than those in Lip‐ADM

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a prospective study, 14 patients with primary non‐oat cell lung carcinoma were treated with intraoperative Iodine125(I125) implantation of the lung tumor via lateral thoracotomy or median sternotomy. Staging mediastinal node dissection was performed in each case. Patients were selected when wedge or segmental resections were not technically feasible, such that lobectomy or completion pneumonectomy would have been required or pulmonary function studies were poor. Doses ranged from 8,000 cGy at the periphery to 20,000 cGy at the center. With a minimum 12 month follow‐up, mean and median survivals were 16.7 and 15.1 months, respectively. Local control was achieved in 10 of 14 patients (71%) with all local failures occurring in pathologic stage III patients. When separated according to tumor size, local control was obtained in six of seven tumors of less than 3 cm and four of five tumors of 3‐5 cm. Both cases with masses greater than 5 cm failed locally. There was one operative mortality and two postoperative complications. All other patients were discharged within one week of surgery. There was no radiation pneumonitis. I125lung brachytherapy is an excellent alternative treatment for T1 and T2 tumors when medical conditions preclude curative rese

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrimary neoplasms of the small bowel are unusual and constitute 1‐5% of all gastrointestinal tract neoplasms. Preoperative diagnostic difficulties, frequent dissemination at the time of the diagnosis, and poor prognosis are characteristic of this pathology. During a period of 26 years we treated 61 patients with tumors of the small bowel, 44 malignant and 18 benign (1 patient had both). The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (62%), weight loss (41%), and gastro‐intestinal bleeding (31%). More than half of the patients were treated as emergencies and among the remaining, the most useful diagnostic test was the small intestinal barium study. Seventeen patients were operated on for intestinal obstruction, 6 of them due to intussusception of the tumor, while 8 other patients presented with perforation and 7 with massive gastrointestinal bleeding. Leiomyoma was the most frequent benign lesion. Among malignancies lymphoma was encountered in 38.6%, followed by adenocarcinoma (29.6%) and leiomyosarcoma (22.8%). Lymphoma was predominant among Sephardic Jews. Curative procedures were attempted in all but one of the benign cases and in 21 of the malignant cases. At the time of surgery metastases were present in 23 patients. The postoperative mortality was high (20% and 14% in the benign and malignant groups, respectively) most probably due to the high incidence of emergency surgery in a high risk population. The prognosis of the malignant tumors was poor with a 5‐year survival of 18%. Their disappointing course seems to be related to late diagnosis because of nonspecific symptoms and difficulty in bringing the tumor to the fore. Hopefully, a greater awareness will lead to an earlier diagnosis and improve the prog

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBilateral subcapsular orchiectomy was performed in six patients with metastatic prostatic carcinoma. In these patients the serum levels of testosterone were determined serially up to twenty‐four hours. This is the first published report of such a rapid decrease in serum testosterone. Castrate levels of serum testosterone using the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH‐RH) agonists are achieved in fourteen to twenty‐one days. The relative cost of orchiectomy and LH‐RH agonists, for thirty‐six months, was $2,042.00 and $12, 780.00, respectively. LH‐RH agonists may be effective for only a year. Urologists are urged to continue using bilateral subcapsular orchiectomy and not use LH‐RH agonists in the management of metastatic prosta

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA retrospective analysis of 328 cases of Hodgkin's Disease (HD) subjected to a staging laparotomy at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, India, from 1974 to 1986 was undertaken to assess its relevance to our setup. Eighty percent of the patients were from clinical stages (CS) I and II, 38% with lymphocyte predominance (LP), and 41% with mixed cellularity (MC) histologies. Staging laparotomy was positive in 60% cases overall, including 50% from CS IA and IIA, 68% from CS IB and IIB, and 53% and 67%, respectively, from LP and MC histologies. Splenic involvement was seen in 54% cases. Operative complications were encountered in 2% of cases and deaths in two cases only. In view of the high propensity for abdominal spread, only selected CS IA and IIA cases would merit a staging laparotomy within which, nearly 50% cases with a negative yield could be offered radical segmental irradiation alone for cure. The majority of our patients would, however, require combination therapy.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNineteen patients with solitary metastatic lesions from renal cell carcinoma, 5 synchronous and 14 metachronous, were seen at the Tata Memorial Hospital over a 7 year period between 1981 and 1987. The mean metastatic interval for the metachronous lesions was 31.2 months. The commonest sites of metastases were bone, lung, and liver. The solitary nature of the metastasis was confirmed by appropriate investigations. All patients underwent nephrectomy for the primary kidney lesion. The metastatic lesions were treated with intent of cure. Only 1 patient with synchronous metastasis survived for 2 years and none survived 5 years while in the metachronous metastasis group, the estimated overall survival was 50% at 2 years and 25% at 5 years. The patients with a long metastasis‐free interval were found to have a better survival. The patients with liver metastasis did poorly as compared to those with metastases at other sites. The stage of the disease also had a bearing on the surviva

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930490111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY