ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTreatment for primary malignant tumors of bone, in the past several decades, has yielded uniformly poor results. Recent progress in chemotherapy and immunotherapy are detailed. An important advance in treating osteogenic sarcoma has been the application of adjuvant chemotherapy after initial amputation. CONPADRI‐I and COMPADRI‐II chemotherapy (a multiple drug approach) is discussed. Adriamycin in combination or alone has proved effective in treating osteogenic sarcoma. Ewing's tumor is showing increased survival rates from radiation therapy alone, as well as by use of systemic adjuvant chemotherapy combined with local radiation. Adjuvant triple chemotherapy with radiotherapy has resulted in pronounced improvement in survival. Chondrosarcomas are largely chemotherapy‐resistant. Immunotherapy in bone tumors still is in the experimental stage and investigations with immunotherapy are preliminary. It appears, however, that the immunological status of a patient definitely relates to prognosis. Through increased sophistication in specific chemotherapy and magnitude of treatment, further advances in treatment of primary malignant bone tumors may be exp

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBCG, Corynebacterium parvum, vitamin A, and levamisole were continuously administered to C57 BL/6 mice bearing B16 melanoma prior to, with, and following tumor implantation as well as before and coincident with surgical excision of the implanted tumor. Only the group given levamisole prophylactically for 8 weeks before tumor inplantation showed a significant difference from control mice but a tenfold increase in dosage in this drug did not exert a comparable effect.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case of malignant teratoma of the nasal cavity in an adult is presented. Histologically, the tumor consisted of mesenchymal malignant structures in addition to entodermal and ectodermal malignant elements. Whereas surgical treatment of the primary tumor has been generally considered preferred, this patient was given a full course of radiation therapy alone to the primary lesion. There is no clinical evidence of tumor 5 years following diagnosis.Three years following treatment of the primary tumor, neck lymph node metastasis appeared contralaterally. Management of this problem was with radical neck dissection followed by postoperative radiotherapy. Function of the eyes, nose, and paranasal sinuses remains normal. A review of the literature suggests that radiotherapy is of little value in the management of malignant teratomas. This case demonstrates an opposite point of view.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent studies have shown that antibody in the serum of patients with carcinoma of the breast reacts with two distinct antigens obtained from breast cancer tissue. Hence, there are two antibodies. The first antibody reacts against the Fc fragment of immunoglobulin and is also found in the sera of patients with benign breast disease and certain inflammatory lesions and, therefore, does not seem to have any significant meaning for the patient with carcinoma of the breast. The second antibody is directed against the Fab fragment of human immunoglobulin that is found in breast cancer tissue. Recent experiments have shown that in immunodiffusion tests, this autoantibody reacts not with normal IgG(Fab), but rather with heat‐aggregated IgG(Fab). It is thought that tumor‐associated antibodies react with antigens on the tumor cell surface. Intracellular enzymes then proceed to fragment the attached antibody, leaving the Fab fragments attached on the cell surface. With intact immunosurveillance, the host appreciates this altered immunoglobulin (Fab). It is suggested that the autoantibody then formed against this fragment reacts with the fragment attached to the tumor cell, thereby allowing the tumor cell to be destroyed. Clinical data supporting this hypothesis are derived from the fact that 9 patients having this autoantibody to the Fab fragment are alive at 1 year after their carcinoma of the bre

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo hundred and one cases of premenopausal women with breast cancer who underwent prophylactic castration with subsequent recurrence were reviewed to ascertain the degree of responsiveness of these patients to subsequent endocrine manipulation. We show that the standard endocrine manipulations, particularly the major ablations, retain a fair degree of activity in this group. There is a suggestion that the longer the castration‐recurrence interval, the higher the chance of a response, but the difference is significant only for osseous‐dominant disease. As in other patient groups, responders to subsequent endocrine manipulations live longer than nonrespond

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere is normally a layer of fat in the breast between the parenchyma of the breast and the skin. This is frequently thin and does not preclude the palpation of a tumor mass which involves the breast parenchyma. In patients suffering from obesity this fat pad becomes much thicker and obscures any underlying masses arising from the breast parenchyma. A case is reported in which a woman who was markedly obese lost a significant amount of weight and presented a bulge which was found to be carcinoma. This situation, in which fat obscures underlying breast lesion, has been observed in a number of patients. Attention is called to the limited value of physical examination of the breast in markedly obese patients. If any suspicion exists or if the patient is a candidate for cancer from a familial standpoint, mammograms are indicated.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCancer of the pancreas is now the fourth most common cause of cancer‐related death in the United States. The diagnosis of this disease is difficult and the therapeutic results are discouraging. Recognizing these factors, the National Cancer Institute has funded the National Pancreatic Cancer Project as of 1 January 1975, in an attempt to stimulate new and more active research in this field at both the basic and the clinical levels. Some of the work that has already been funded by the project is outlined as a means of familiarizing a larger number of people with the activities of this particular National Organ Site Progra

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBlood viscosity and plasma protein concentrations were measured in 31 patients with a variety of visceral carcinomas.The mean whole blood viscosity was not elevated over normal controls because of a significantly lowered mean hematocrit. However, when hematocrit was eliminated as a variable by adjusting the hematocrit to 45%, the mean whole blood viscosity was significantly elevated in the group with carcinoma. Both the plasma viscosity and the tendency for red cell aggregation were significantly elevated in the group with carcinoma. The fibrinogen and globulin fractions were also significantly elevatedSince blood is a non‐Newtonian fluid, and its viscosity increases markedly at low shear rates, these rheological abnormalities would be most important at the low shear rates characteristic of the venous circulation. It is suggested that these abnormalities in blood viscosity and red cell aggregation may be contributing to the high incidence of venous thromboembolism seen in patients with neoplastic diseas

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn vivo skin tests using multiple recall and primary antigens such as dinitrochlorobenzine (DNCB) have established that there is decreased cellular‐mediated immune response in patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. In vitro testing of lymphocytes using blastogenic mitogens as a measure of lymphocyte function has not always shown a statistical difference between patients and controls. cAMP‐PDE was assayed in lymphocytes from normal controls ‐ patients with benign conditions in various age groups. No significant difference was found in the specific activity (Vmax) or affinity (Km) in these groups. The mean average was used as a normal control value. In lymphocytes from untreated patients with Stage III and IV squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, the Vmaxand Kmof cAMP‐PDE were higher than the controls. This difference was statistically significant. Postoperative values were also determined but were not statistically different. There were no differences found in blastogenesis in these two

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY