摘要:

A brief history is presented of some of our ideas regarding the solar wind. The basic physical principles of supersonic expansion are discussed. An analogy is drawn with the flow of an ideal gas through a rocket‐engine nozzle. Supersonic expansion of a stellar corona requires a stellar and coronal temperature lower than a specified maximum. For temperatures above this maximum, subsonic expansion should result. The thermal structure of the sun is such that only supersonic expanion occurs although subsonic expansion is, in principal, allowed.The present status of relevant experiments and theory regarding the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field is discussed. In particular, attention is drawn to a comparison between theoretical predictions and actual measurements. It is concluded that measurements are consistent with theory for the component of field projected on the ecliptic plane. However, a serious discrepancy is noted between theory and experiment with regard to a possible component perpendicular to the sun's equatorial plane.Wave motion in the solar wind is discussed briefly. It is shown that, under certain conditions, relative wave amplitudes should grow with increasing heliocentric distance.Finally, ideas concerning the ultimate fate of the supersonic solar wind are reviewe

ISSN:8755-1209    

DOI:10.1029/RG005i001p00001

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A relation between gravimetric and thermal anomalies,Q = F(A/2πGρ), whereQis the rate of heat flow,Ais the rate of heat production per unit volume,Gis the gravitational constant, ρ is density, andFis the gravitational attraction, is used to obtain theoretical surface heat flow anomalies for bodies from the analogous theoretical gravity anomalies. Results are collected for several geometrical shapes, and the application to digital computation of sources of arbitrary shape is indicated. The same relation may be used to verify that a gravity anomaly and a heat flow anomaly are caused by the same bo

ISSN:8755-1209    

DOI:10.1029/RG005i001p00043

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Pressure waves from large nuclear explosions have been recorded at many stations over the earth by instruments installed by the Lamont Geological Observatory. The propagation of these waves is controlled primarily by gravity and the acoustic properties of the atmosphere in a manner that produces group velocity dispersion of the acoustic‐gravity modes making up the signal. The nature of the wave dispersion depends on both the thermal and the wind stratification of the atmosphere. The casual relationships have been studied both experimentally and theoretically. To provide more data for air‐wave investigations, the 208 Lamont records made at 15 stations from 45 nuclear explosions are presented here together with related data on source, times, and distan

ISSN:8755-1209    

DOI:10.1029/RG005i001p00053

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The problem of obtaining a representation of a variable on a sphere from irregularly distributed observations is divided into two topics (1) Spectral representation: the relationships between covariances, spherical harmonic coefficients, power spectra, etc.; and (2) statistical analysis: extrapolation, power spectrum, and coefficient determination, etc., under the assumption of stationarity. The relationships of various techniques are discussed.

ISSN:8755-1209    

DOI:10.1029/RG005i001p00083

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY