摘要:

Abstract.The French Revolution and the Romantic Movement subscribed to a common objective, the reintegration of a fractured society. That required establishing the peculiar identity of each nation, its origins and extent – all defined in cultural and psychological rather than, as hitherto, in juridical terms. This shift turned nationalism into a system and in doing so conferred new meanings on the vocabulary of politics. Derived from philosophers and philologists, the changes were conveyed to the people at large by historians through the educational system. They thus fixed the meanings in the public consciousness and underwrote the legitimacy of the national missio

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.This article establishes a precise relationship between folklore and ethno‐nationalism. In particular, it argues that the discursive elements of folklore have been used, as political narrative, within the history of Basque nationalism.The Basque nationalist movement, throughout its history, has been especially adept at harnessing the rhetorical power of language, history, myth and memory in its articulation of a Basque, as opposed to a Spanish, identity. The article concentrates on the specific information selected for transmission by the ideology of Basque nationalism.It is this articulation which establishes links between past and present, myth and ideology, and the relationship between culture and identity in the human experience. These are the bonds which are perhaps most pertinent to the general cause of ethno‐nationalism, and the Basque case in particu

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00017.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.This article compares the ‘new nationalism’ in post‐communist countries since the 1980s with the ‘classical’ national movements o the nineteenth century. Looking for analogies and differences between these two processes, it seeks to achieve a better understanding and more profound interpretation of contemporary ‘nationalism’. Most important analogies are: both national movements emerged as a result of (and as an answer to) the crisis and disintegration of an old regime and its value system; in both cases we observe a low level of political experience among the population, the stereotype of a personalised nation, and of a defensive position. Similarly both movements define their national border by both ethnic and historical borders: in both cases, the nationally relevant conflict of interests plays a decisive role. Among the differences are: the extremely high level of social communication in the twentieth‐century movements, combined with a ‘vacuum at the top’ (the need for new elites) and with deep economic depression. The ‘contemporary’ national movements fought for the political rights of undoubtedly pre‐existing nations (above all, for full independence), while the ‘classical’ ones fought for the concept of a nation‐to‐be, whose existence was not generally accepted. Nevertheless, in both cases, similar specifics of the nation‐forming process under conditions of a ‘small nation’ can be observed. The author does not view nationalism as a ‘disease’ or external force: but rather as an answer given by some members of the nation to new challenges and unexpected conflicts of interests,

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.This article explores the changing and competing relations between multiple forms of ethnic communalisations in Quebec, as the Quebecois nation is now confronted by pressures to redefine its boundaries in more inclusive terms. This specific case allows me to address two major theoretical questions. First, I re‐examine the usefulness of the dominant mode of classification of nations, the binary opposition between ethnic and territorial nations. I then develop a perspective which makes visible the construction of the external and internal dimensions of ethnic boundaries as well as their interrelations.Focusing on processes of ethnic communalisation allows me to transcend both the former static, primordialist, empiricist, essentialist, naturalist and absolutist conception of ethnicity and some of the more recent radical constructivist conceptions which envisage ethnicity as an infinite slide of the signifier, a fantasy, a game. Finally, I locate ethnic communalisationsandtheir theorisation within the framework of modernity and of the world system; by recognising the unequal relations which often underlie ethnic forms of communalisation, it becomes possible to decentre the conceptualisation and the theorisation of ethnicity, which are inseparable from ethnic relations themselves and from the position held by different countries within the world syste

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Are nationalism and international economic integration irreconcilable? This paper explores the theoretical connections between these two phenomena and develops a framework to assess the implications of international economic integration for nationalist movements in the developed West. We focus upon the structural context of nationalism in democratic societies, emphasising the impact of changes in the international political economy and the influence of domestic institutions. Although the demand for secession may not stem from economic calculations, the expected costs and benefits of independence are constraints to nationalist mobilisation and are conditioned by the structure of the international political economy. We identify three ideal types of international structures and discuss how the strategies and prospects of nationalist movements are shaped within each of them. We find that a structure of ‘institutionalised interdependence’ is most conducive to nationalist mobilisation in a liberal democratic context, but the impact of economic integration depends largely upon conditions defined by domestic institutional structu

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.International pressure upon Latin American governments to protect the rights of indigenous peoples has increased since the late 1960s. The reports submitted under the International Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination by Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru and Venezuela are reviewed. They tend to emphasise policies for national integration and the preservation of indigenous cultures, and to neglect the effects of urbanisation. Political elites are coming slowly to appreciate the nature of the claims advanced by indigenous peoples.

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The United States of America is conspicuous by its absence from most studies of nations and nationalism. The reasons for this omission are essentially twofold: America is a ‘nation of immigrants’, and therefore clearly lacks the ethnic homogeneity that sustains many modern European nations; more importantly, the focus, the core of the American nation has, since the late‐nineteenth century, become obscured as American society has continued to diversify and expand. In those studies which do examine the American case, an over‐concentration on the colonial and revolutionary periods has led both scholars of nationalism and historians of the United States to miss the most crucial period in the development of the American nation, the early to mid‐nineteenth century. Evidence is offered here that this period witnessed an identifiable process of ‘nation building’. In order to demonstrate this, the period 1854 through 1856 has been isolated for particular attention, since those years witnessed the emergence of a new political party, the Republicans, whose ideology and rhetoric were aggressively national, yet whose appeal was essentia

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Books reviewed in this article:Nelson Mandela,Long Walk To FreedomJosep R. Llobera,The God of Modernity: The Development of Nationalism in Western EuropeValentine M. Moghadam (ed.),Gender and national identity: women and politics in Muslim societiesSven Tägil (ed.),Ethnicity and Nation Building in the Nordic WorldIrina Livezeanu,Cultural Politics in Greater RomaniaEamon Phoenix,Northern Nationalism: Nationalist Politics, Partition and the Catholic Minority in Northern Ireland 1890–1940Louis Dumont,German Ideology. From France to Germany and BackIan S. Lustick,Unsettled States Disputed Lands; Britain and Ireland, France and Algeria, Israel and the West Bank‐GazaPaul Latawski (ed.),Contemporary Nationalism in East Central EuropeRobert J. Donia and John V. A. Fine, Jr,Bosnia and Hercegovina: A Tradition BetrayedGerard Delanty,Inventing Europe: Idea, Identity, RealityPaul Kolstoe (with a contribution by Andrei Edemsky),Russians in the Former Soviet RepublicsMelvin M. Leiman,The Political Economy of Racism: A HistoryWilliam R. Roff,The Origins of Malay NationalismDaniel Silverfarb,The Twilight of British Ascendancy in the Middle East: A Case Study of Iraq, 1941

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00159.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1354-5078    

DOI:10.1111/j.1354-5078.1996.00161.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY