摘要:

The ultrastructure of the extraocular muscles of patients affected by congenital nystagmus is still to be defined. Specimens obtained from patients suffering from either oculomotor congenital nystagmus or nystagmus associated with strabismus were studied and compared with specimens obtained from patients enucleated for various pathologies but not affected by any oculomotor system disorder. The scleral myotendinous junction and the muscle body (venter) were examined. In both these areas, damaged muscle fibers were found. ‘Mitochondrial cores’ and concentric myofibrils characterized the extraocular muscles of the patients with oculomotor congenital nystagmus. In the extraocular muscles of the patients affected by nystagmus associated with strabismus we also found mitochondria with concentric cristae surrounding a highly electrondense spherical body and numerous, large rods. In conclusion, these data indicate that both contractile and mitochondrial modifications might be signs of an altered muscle function and seem to indicate that oculomotor congenital nystagmus should be included among the list of oculomotor myopathies.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310564

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The endogenous fluorescence of human choroid, sclera, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in normal tissue and tissue with uveal melanoma was studied in vitro by a non-invasive and non-destructive fluorescence technique which had previously been applied for the diagnostic evaluation of pigmented lesions of the skin. The fluorescence of the normal choroid is rather dark, the normal sclera exhibits blue fluorescence and the RPE bright yellow fluorescence due to deposits of lipofuscin. In choroidal melanoma, the lipofuscin granulae at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium are cleaved off above the tumour and broken up into small remnants. The fluorescence intensity emitted from the tumour is rather low which agrees with previous findings on skin melanomas. The results may become interesting for diagnostic evaluation of uveal melanomas, uveal naevi, and pigmented conjunctival tumours by endogenous fluorescence.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310565

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Previous studies indicated calcium channel blockers to be of some help for normal-tension glaucoma patients. The present study evaluates the effect of magnesium, a ‘physiological calcium blocker’, in 10 glaucoma patients (6 with primary open-angle glaucoma, 4 with normal-tension glaucoma). All patients had a digital cold-induced vasospasm. Magnesium (121.5 mg) was administered twice a day for a month. After 4 weeks of treatment, the visual fields tended to improve. All three video-nailfold-capillaroscopic parameters [blood cell velocity (in mm/ s) before and after cooling, cold-induced blood flow cessation (in seconds) as well as the number of capillaries per microscopic field which showed such a blood flow cessation] as well as digital tempertature improved significantly. Systemic blood pressure and pulse rate remained stable. In conclusion, magnesium improves the peripheral circulation and seems to have a beneficial effect on the visual field in glaucoma patients with vasospasm.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310566

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Conjunctival and corneal depositions of calcium salts are common complications in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We examined 14 HD patients; in 11 (79%), typical conjunctival and corneal calcifications were found. Patients with calcifications were older than those without. Patients treated longer with HD were found to have a higher grade of calcifications. We did not find the highest grade of calcifications in our patients. Serum calcium, phosphate, product of calcium and phosphate and parathyroid hormone concentration did not differ in patients with or without calcifications.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310567

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with a 193-nm excimer laser has been shown not to destroy endothelial cells in vivo. However, this laser could damage endo-thelial cell metabolism, and result in damage over a longer term. In this paper, a comparison between the number and shape of corneal endothelial cells has been performed in 25 patients before and 6 months after PRK. These patients underwent treatment with myopic correction ranging from 2.5 to 17 dpt and with an estimated corneal thinning ranging from 25 to 170 µm. No significant changes in the number (p = 0.167) and shape (p = 0.075) of endothelial cells have been found. These results show that there are no long-term damages after PRK even in severely myopic eyes

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310568

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Eighty-five eyes of 75 patients were retrospectively followed up for 5 years after argon laser trabeculoplasty. The effects of some treatment and patient variables on the results of trabeculoplasty were assessed. The laser power level or visible burn effect on the chamber angle did not have any statistically significant impact on the success rate or degree of intraocular pressure (IOP) decrease. A statistically significant level was reached by the degree of chamber angle pigmentation and the number of pre-operative antiglaucomatous medication. In eyes where trabeculoplasty was given as primary therapy, the IOP decrease was greatest.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310569

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In penetrating keratoplasty, postoperative astigmatism is determined by a number of factors, including adaptation of wound edges, mode of trephination of both donor and patient cornea and, last but not least, suture techniques. We would like to introduce a new cornea-marking device for use in keratoplasty and epikeratophakia. This device helps the surgeon to center the trephine and to perform a perfect double running torque-antitorque suture. Additional single sutures are not necessary. A study of postoperative astigmatism following operations in which this device was used is under way.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310570

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Twelve cases with canalicular disorders were treated by a new technique using multiple traction sutures (MTS) under an operating microscope. The MTS using black silk or 5–0 nylon were applied at the medial canthus, near the upper and lower puncta and at the caruncle. Additional traction sutures were applied to locate a deep canalicular system if needed, resulting in a total of 5–10 traction sutures. The patient’s face was turned sideways towards the left in the operation of the right eye, and to the right in the operation of the left eye. By using the new technique, the opening of the common canaliculus could easily be located without resorting to an open-sky technique requiring skin incision. A new canaliculus could easily be made using a free graft of oral mucous membrane between the common canaliculus and medial canthus with the help of MTS in 7 cases out of 12. As stents, a match-style silicone tubing, a nunachaku-style silicone tubing, an ordinary silicone tubing and a silicone tubing with a silicone sponge were used for 7, 1, 1 and 3 cases, respectively. After a mean follow-up 17.2 months, symptomatic relief and patency of the lacrimal passage were achieved in all cases.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310571

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 30-year-old woman noticed sudden visual loss in her right eye 3 days after a normal childbirth and without eclampsia during pregnancy. An ophthalmic examination revealed that she had impending central retinal artery occlusion and her right visual acuity was 20/2000, which recovered to 20/30. A systemic examination showed hypercoagulability and hyperlipidemia but no abnormal findings on brain CT scan and echocardiography. Clinical features of this case were very similar to Purtscher’s retinopath

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310572

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310573

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger