摘要:

We studied the effects of viscoelastic materials on the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) profiles in the organ-cultured rabbit trabecular meshwork (TM). The cultured specimens were divided into 4 groups: (1) control group; (2) 1% sodium hyaluronate-(Na-HA)-treated group; (3) 3% chondroitin-6-sulfate (CDóS)-treated group, and (4) 1% methylcellulose (MC)-treated group. They were cultured for 2 weeks and subjected to sequential enzymatic degradation. In the 1% Na-HA-treated group, the proportion of hyaluronic acid was significantly increased compared with the control group. In the 3% CD6S-treated group, the proportion of chondroitin sulfate was significantly increased compared with the control group. In the 1% MC-treated group, the GAG profile did not differ from the control profile.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310439

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The relationship between the activity of the antioxidant defense enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and the degree of cataract (lens opacity) was examined in 14 Emory mice at the age of 2, 7 and 10 months. Significant decreases in specific GSH-PX activity (mU/mg wet tissue) in the lens as well as in the residual eye tissue were found between 2 and 10 months of age, showing a highly significant correlation of this decrease (r = 0.590, p ∼ 0.001) with the increasing degree of turbidity of the lenses. The results are discussed with regard to the changes of antioxidant mechanisms during cataractogenesis and aging. The role of the maintenance of an optimal level of GSH-PX and other well-known antioxidants (enzymes, vitamins, trace elements including iodide) for a delay of cataractogenesis is pointed out.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310440

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The Octopus Program Ml was designed for the detection/follow-up of central or paracentral visual field defects in patients with neurological disorders or with macular or perimacular diseases. Within the central 25° visual field, 59 test locations provide a resolution of ≤ 1.4°. The differential light sensitivity is measured with ‘Octopus normal strategy’, i.e. a 4/2/1 staircase procedure. The Program M2X has 81 test locations in the central 10°, giving even higher resolution (≤ 0.7 °) of the central visual field. Both programs have 2 phases, the second being a re-test. Program M2X’s phases are divided into 4 stages and allow interru

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310441

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We reviewed the records of the patients hospitalised for eye injuries in Aosta Valley between January 1976 and June 1993. Eye injuries from traditional regional sports accounted for 27 cases (41.5% of all ocular sport injuries), of which 21 (77.8%) occurred during the game ‘tsan’, the most popular one. Injuries led to legal blindness in 3 (11.1%) cases and to a permanent visual loss in 2 (7.4%). Although our data do not allow to assess either a significantly higher incidence or severity of eye injuries from Aosta Valley regional games as compared with other sports, the possibility of severe trauma with visual loss suggests to extend the use of protection devices.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310442

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Transformation of the secondary conformational structure of the human lens capsule after traumatic lens subluxation in a patient was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopic spectrometry. The result was compared with the IR spectra of type IV collagen in crystalline state, solid film and aqueous solution and those of the excised and dried lens capsule under compression or treated with ethyl alcohol. The results indicate that the IR spectra of the intact human lens capsule after traumatic lens subluxation were the same as those of the rabbit lens capsule, except in the 1,100–1,000 cm––1 proteoglycan region, but were different from those of type IV collagen aqueous solution at the amide I and II bands and the proteoglycan region, although type IV collagen is a predominant component of lens capsule. Two new peaks at 1,054 and 1,023 cm––1 appeared on the IR spectra of the intact human lens capsule and on those of type IV collagen in crystalline state and solid film after compression but not in normal rabbit lens capsule and native type IV collagen. It was also found that all the IR spectra of the excised and dried lens capsule were similar to those of native type IV collagen in crystalline state and solid film. When pressure was applied on the excised and dried lens capsule, the directly compressed sample without KBr disks exhibited the same IR spectra as the original dried lens capsule did without treatment, but the sample compressed within KBr disks resulted in the deformation of the IR spectra at the amide I and II bands, and a new peak at 1,051 cm––1 appeared in this proteoglycan region, suggesting that the pressure applied was retained in the compressed sample. The impact of pressure seemed to be significantly related to the IR spectral change in the proteoglycan region of the intact human lens capsule after traumatic lens subluxation. The IR spectra of the dried lens capsule pretreated with ethyl alcohol were found to change at the amide I and II bands.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310443

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A family with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa in three generations was studied. The age of the patients varied from 11 to 66 years. From the youngest to the eldest member of the family, the visual acuity varied from 1.0 to 0.4, the defect in the visual fields from a relative ring scotoma to a tubular field of 5°, and the rod threshold in dark adaptation from normal to an elevation of 3 log units. Color vision was normal in all of the family members. The fundus changes varied from coarseness of retinal pigment epithelium to bone spicule pigmentation with narrow vessels and pale optic nerve head. The progression of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa has been reported to be milder than in the other types of retinitis pigmentosa. The clinical symptoms of the family in the present study confirm this finding.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310444

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Exudative retinal detachment (ERD) is an uncommon complication of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). The ERD pathogenesis has been mainly related to the haemodynamic overload and to an impairment in the function of the retinal pigment epithelium. Data relative to 98 cases of BRVO without ERD were compared with the correspondent data of 10 cases of BRVO with ERD. Venous leakage showed a substantial equivalency between the two groups, while evaluation of retinal venous collaterals demonstrated a lower amount in the BRVO cases with ERD, with a statistically significant difference. Moreover, considering the various ERD localizations, we suggest that the ERD pathogenesis is mainly ascribable to the scant development of retinal venous collaterals but that an important role may also be played by the retinal pigment epithelium impairment consequent to the retinal ischaemia.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310445

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a 3-month, double-masked, randomized clinical trial, the ocular hypotensive efficacy and systemic safety of 0.5% levobunolol and 2% carteolol were compared in 59 patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The overall mean decrease in intraocular pressure was 7.3 mm Hg (27.4%) in the 0.5% levobunolol group and 4.1mm Hg (14.8%) in the carteolol group. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0004). Changes in visual field and cup-disk ratios were few and similar between the groups. Effects on mean heart rate were noted in both treatment groups. The mean decrease in heart rate in the carteolol group was greater (––8.4 beats/min) than in the levobunolol group (––3.1 beats/min). This difference had marginal statistical significance (p = 0.059). We conclude that 0.5% levobunolol and 2% carteolol administered twice daily differ in lowering intraocular pressure as well as in their effects on heart rate.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310446

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The tolerability and efficacy of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the topical treatment of herpetic corneal ulcers in addition to topical acyclovir have been evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study in two groups of patients. The time required for complete reepithelialization of the cornea was recorded, and the data obtained were analyzed statistically. In the EGF group, the reepithelialization was significantly faster than in the control group. Tolerability of EGF was always excellent. These results indicate that EGF is safe and effective in reducing the healing time of herpetic corneal ulcers.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310447

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Detection of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA was carried out in the conjunctivas of 18 patients with herpes zoster by polymerase chain reaction. The rate of VZV DNA detection in conjunctivas was 3/4 in herpes zoster ophthalmicus associated with eruption on the dorsum nasi, 2/5 in herpes zoster ophthalmicus without eruption on the dorsum nasi, 1/2 in herpes zoster with eruption on the cheek and lower jaw, 1/2 in generalized herpes zoster and 0/5 in herpes zoster associated with eruption on the trunk or extremities, respectively. The reason for the detection of VZV DNA in conjunctivas is discussed.

ISSN:0030-3755    

DOI:10.1159/000310448

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger