ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Subject loss in a cohort of 645 infants and their families, enrolled in a multicenter clinical trial, was described. Medical/biologic, socioeconomic and social support (Environmental Quality Index [EQI] composite), and developmental outcome data were obtained. Dropout was evaluated by comparing infants who withdrew at any time throughout the study to those who remained, as well as at four different time periods between 40 weeks conceptional age and 36 months. A dropout profile was also developed. Overall dropout was predicted by EQI score, clinical center, gestational age category, and 18-month developmental status. In addition to these variables, the dropout profile included race, but not 18-month developmental status. Medical/biologic variables, environmental quality, and race and center were most influential in the first, second and third, and fourth time periods, respectively. The identification of factors which are associated with increased subject loss can help researchers project needed sample sizes in future studies.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A retrospective study of 60 Navajo children with developmental disabilities was conducted to evaluate the quality and comprehensiveness of health services provided. Descriptive analysis by a multidisciplinary panel included medical record reviews, family interviews, and site visits to local health, educational, and family support services. Findings included timely and appropriate management of “medical” problems but a general neglect of “developmental” issues, such as hearing, speech/language, cognitive, and behavioral functioning, and attention to family understanding and adjustment toward caring for a handicapped child. Primary prevention and screening efforts were judged generally adequate, although not utilized by the majority of mothers of disabled children. Diagnostic assessments, family counseling, and referrals for treatment were incomplete, fragmented, and poorly coordinated. These problems resulted in potentially harmful delays in making referrals to available treatment programs. The majority of families interviewed tended to focus on the “medical” problems, had a poor understanding of the “developmental” components, and rarely participated actively in treatment.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study examined the effectiveness of two models of urine alarm that are commercially available for the treatment of nocturnal enuresis. A total of 39 children who exhibited primary nocturnal enuresis was assigned to one of three experimental groups: behavioral conditioning with a contiguous model of alarm, behavioral treatment with a delayed model of alarm, or a clinical waiting list. Results for the 12-week program indicate that after the second week of treatment, the contiguous and delayed models of alarm produced comparable reductions in weekly wetting frequency that were significantly better than no treatment at all. Results indicated a significantly higher rate of apparatus malfunction for the delayed model of alarm. It is proposed that the contiguous alarm is the treatment of choice at the present time because of its significantly lower rate of mulfunction.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Studies of school-aged children with physical handicaps often report cognitive-linguistic deficits, passivity, and inhibition. This study has attempted to determine whether this pattern is anticipated in earlier developmental periods, by examining the functioning of toddlers with physical anomalies (but without CNS damage) compared to premature toddlers (who share some aspects of deviant early experience) and to normal toddlers. Fourteen infants in each group were videotaped, longitudinally, at 9, 12, 18, and 24 months, in interaction with their mothers and in various semistructured situations. Developmental level was assessed at 12 months (Bayley scales) and at 24 months (Stanford-Binet IQ). Both groups of at risk toddlers performed more poorly in measures of focused play, language production, social initiative, affective expression, and 2-year IQ. Handicapped toddlers were more distractible, less compliant, and less willing to separate from their mothers, than were prematures. Patterns previously described for older handicapped children can therefore be recognized as early as the second year of life

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Two girls are described who had normal physical and mental development during the first few months of life, documented on home movies in one. Gross motor development slowed during the second half of the first year followed by loss of acquired vocabulary and deterioration of fine motor skills. Linear growth and head growth decelerated. Stereotyped hand movements appeared around 2 to 3 years of age. Early appropriate social responses faded into a vacant stare. Neurological development was characterized by early hypotonia followed by ataxia and finally spasticity. One girls has been followed through adolescence. Additional symptoms in later childhood and adolescence included scoliosis, episodes of hyperpnea, vasomotor disturbances of the legs, and precocious puberty. The patients fit the criteria for a progressive neurological disorder called Rett's syndrome, which results in profound developmental disability and occurs only in girls. Etiology remains unknown

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID