摘要:

The study examined the association between transient neurologic abnormalities and later learning problems in children who experienced perinatal difficulties. Follow-up assessments at school age were made of children from a Perinatal Follow-up Program who had birth weights <1500 g, or required assisted ventilation, or experienced seizures in the neonatal period. Eighteen children who had shown abnormalities on Amiel-Tison Neurologic Exam between 4 and 18 months of age, but assessed as developing normally on neuromotor and cognitive assessments by 24-48 months, were identified as cases. These cases were compared with 29 controls who had been assessed as normally developing throughout. No significant group differences were found on school-age cognitive, language, visual-motor, school performance, or behavior measures. Significant correlations between perinatal and demographic variables and school-age measures were found. A sizable number of these high-risk children were shown to have signs of school-related problems. J Dev Behav Pediatr 11:1-6, 1990.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In an attempt to assess the effects of early sibling visitation in a neonatal intensive care unit, 31 siblings (ages 3-12) of the hospitalized infant were randomly assigned to either a visit group (during first week of neonatal life) or a comparison group who visited only after the study was completed 3 weeks after birth of the neonate. Parents of both groups of siblings completed the Missouri Behavioral Checklist (MBCL) and Family Environment Scale (FES) in the first few days after birth and, again, 3 weeks after birth. All siblings were interviewed 3 weeks after birth of the neonate. Neither group experienced any increase in negative behaviors following the new sibling's birth. In fact, both groups showed some decrease in negative behaviors. In addition, the visitor group showed a significant decrease in negative behaviors on a specific subset of MBCL items. In addition, the visitor group was significantly more well informed about their sibling than the comparison group. J DevBehav Pediatr 11:7-12, 1990.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Children's coping self-statements, levels of anxiety, degree of behavioral adjustment, as well as levels of maternal state anxiety and parenting style, and demographic variables were used to predict the reactions of 61 children to elective day surgery. Results indicated that elective day surgery was not psychologically traumatic for most children. However, the use of negative self-statements and both low and high maternal anxiety were found to be related to increased anxiety of the children experiencing elective day surgery. J Dev Behav Pediatr 11:13-16, 1990.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study examined the impact of right and left lateral ventricle dilatation on early language function associated with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Because language is controlled primarily by the left cerebral hemisphere, it was hypothesized that language ability would be related to extent of left side dilatation more than to right. The relations of the number of other common complications of prematurity and socioeconomic status to language also were explored, and their independent contributions to the variance in the outcome were determined. The receptive and expressive language abilities of 45 low birth weight preterms, 18 of whom suffered IVH, were evaluated at a mean age of 16 months. Correlational analyses indicated that left, but not right, ventricle dilatation was inversely related to the expressive language measure. Partial correlations, holding the effects of medical complications and socioeconomic status constant, Indicated that the impact of left ventricle dilatation was independent of these variables. Number of medical complications also had an independent relation to expressive language outcome that was equivalent to that of the left ventricle dilatation. Implications of these findings are discussed. J Dev Behav Pediatr 11:17-21, 1990

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Seventy-nine children, independently diagnosed as having attention deficit disorder (ADD) with or without hyperactivity and ranging in age from 6 years, 0 months, to 12 years, 11 months, were administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R), the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBC). Multiple regression analyses indicated a significant multiple correlation between age and achievement variables (R=0.42, p=0.003) and age and behavioral (CBC) variables (R=0.55, p=0.01). Post hoc analyses indicated that much of this variance was accounted for by a significant negative association between age and Full Scale IQ-WRAT Arithmetic difference scores, and significant positive correlations between age and scores on the Social Withdrawal and Uncommunicative scales from the CBC. A nonparametric chi-square analysis indicated that older children with ADD are significantly more likely (p=0.037) than younger ADD children to have a discrepancy of 15 or more points between IQ and math achievement scores. Results suggest that older ADD children are more likely than younger ADD children to experience academic and socioemotional difficulties. J Dev Behav Pediatr 11:22-26, 1990.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This review presents a report of an international conference and its published monograph, which dealt with three questions. What do we know about temperament risk factors that is useful? Depending on the “goodness of fit,” risk factors may affect children's physical health, development, social behavior, or scholastic performance. What has been done or could be done with these findings? Practical applications have been made in pediatrics, psychiatry, and anticipatory guidance by psychologists. The greatest opportunity for wider use of temperament determinations will be in diagnosing and managing problems in behavior and scholastic performance, rather than in routine screening in the general population. What steps can we take in the future? Several are discussed, but the most obvious is further application of what we already know. J Dev Behav Pediatr 11:28-34, 1990.

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0196-206X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID