ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050102

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050103

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFollowing a decade of strong development of plastics consumption, the European market and the production of European manufacturers have fallen back into stagnation since the oil crisis of 1973, followed by the second oil‐price explosior. of 1979. The author presents the reasons of the economic recession prevaling in the European plastics industry for a number of years, notwithstanding the temporary upsurge of 1979, in a review of aspects relative to internal economic government policies in Europe, relative to external trade and relative to the Community's policies towards Third World countries. Prospects for the European plastics industry are considered as a function of economic and industrial government policies in Europe, of development in third countries, and of new approaches by the European industry. The various aspects considered are illustrated in particular by the case of PVC, a typical representative of the major plastics reviewe

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050104

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPoly(vinyl chloride) could be considered as an ideal basis for chemical modifications, due to its chemical structure, which contains the repeating unitCH2CHCl. Presumably, the chlorine may react as in other chlorine‐containing aliphatic compounds, but secondary degradation reactions will occur at the same time, due to irregularities in the polymer structure and consequential lowering of the intrinsic reactivity site. Nevertheless, various functional modification reactions (grafting and crosslinking), were carried out in solution and in the condensed state, in order to improve specific properties of the polymer, leading to a larger scale of applications. Furthermore, it is also important to note the potential of PVC for the manufacture of flexible products, by introduction of plasticizers, generally characterized by a good solubility in the polymer and low volatility. In order to improve the aging properties of these products, recent developments were made in the field of oligomeric and polymeric plasticizers, which may or may not be reactive. The success of this new direction depends on larger developments in reactive pro

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050105

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPoly(Vinyl chloride) is the basic material for a huge number of products which are fabricated using very many different techniques. Established processing techniques continue to be improved, leading to additional benefits in process efficiency and product quality. New processes are also being introduced which are intended to increase the efficiency of material usage and to open up new application areas. These include: molecular orientation, foaming, and cross‐linking. Developments are also occurring in the use of PVC in conjunction with other materials as micro‐ or macro‐composites. Processing techniques include coextrusion and lamination. Many processing methods are likely to benefit from the microelectronics revolution in process control and monit

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050106

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe thermal stability of PVC resins, alone or in powder blends, and of their various processing products can be determined continuously with precision and reproductibility. This new method is based on the evaluation of the progressive changes resulting from the decomposition of long test samples subjected to incremental thermal exposure in a thermo‐isolated oven kept at a constant temperature. The test samples are then examined by scanning reflectometry under white—as well as UV—light in order to detect and measure the structural changes occurring in the polymer during its thermal degradation. The method may also be applied to the quality control in the extrusion or calendering plant, where a scanning fluoro‐reflectometer detects the decomposition threshold during pro

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050107

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe French PVC‐bottle market represents a consumption of 140,000 tons per year, much more than in other countries; in 1960, this consumption was practically nil. The technical ability to produce bottles suitable for the packaging of food products allowed the first general penetration of PVC in the bottle market. One may eventually observe bit differences from country to country in Europe. In the case of France, it clearly appears that it is the technical and legal possibility to use PVC to bottle mineral waters that had provoked the skyrocketing production of bottles from this material. We will analyze the technical, economical, and sociological reasons that have allowed this development to occur, and examine why other market sectors could not be reached by PVC bottles and why the evolutions were not the same in various countries; future trends will also be outline

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050108

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050109

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPigments selected from the iron oxide, chromium oxide and furnace black families, which offer the possibility of preferred earthtone colors, were characterized for: their stability at PVC processing temperatures; their effect on long‐term ultraviolet exposure, and their infrared absorption properties that relate to heat buildup and buckling in the composite. This study has basically ranked the pigments into three categories in terms of their overall performance. Besides the earthtone color, the added economics of these pigments makes them of prime interest for external application

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050110

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0193-7197    

DOI:10.1002/vnl.730050101

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY