摘要:

Cytoplasmic oestradiol receptors have been reported in breast tumour tissue but not in the uninvolved tissue from the same patients. Since gynaecomastic tissue is highly predisposed to neoplastic transformation, such receptors were looked for in this tissue from 13 phenotypic males of whom 6 had Klinefelter’s syndrome. High affinity saturable binding (Kd ∼ 10-10 M) of 3H-oestradiol-170 was found in the breast tissue from 12 of these patients by gel elution and dextran-coated charcoal techniques. The concentration of binding sites were found to range from 16 to 359 fmol/mg cytosol protein.Previous studies by the present authors showing steroid aromatising capacity and the present finding of specific oestradiol receptors in a ‘high-risk tissue’ in the absence of any histologically detectable neoplasms might be relevant in elucidating the natural history of breast cancer in such indi

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178729

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

By immunizing rabbits – tolerant against the bulk of normal human serum proteins – with highly purified non-suppressible insulin-like activity (NSILA-S), an anti-serum was obtained which made possible the development of a double-antibody radioimmunoassay. Its sensitivity is about 30 pg NSILA-S per tube or 150 pg NSILA-S/ml. The specificity exceeds that of the bioassay used for comparison which is based on the stimulation by NSILA-S of 125IUDR incorporation into chicken fibroblasts in culture. The radioimmunoassay is sufficiently sensitive and specific to allow direct NSILA-S measurement in serum or plasma samples of humans and experimental animals. In human plasma samples NSILA-S levels, varying between less than 0.15 and 25 ng/ml, were found to have an average of about 4 ng/ml. In rats higher levels were observed with a mean of 7.7 ng/ml in 4-week-old animals, increasing to about 60 ng/ml in 6-month-old rats. In fasting rats the NSILA-S plasma level is reduced. In acid-treated samples of plasma considerably higher NSILA-S amounts are fo

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178730

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

NSILA-S was localized by immunofluorescent antibody staining in the exocrine part of the pancreas and the submaxillary salivary gland of the rat, where part of the cells give positive reactions. To a lesser degree it was demonstrated in the kidney, where some – probably the actually functioning – nephrons give positive staining reactions within their tubular cells. Radioimmunoassayable NSILA-S was found in extracts of the pancreas (120–550 ng/g), of the submaxillary salivary gland (220–330 ng/g) and of the kidney (45 ng/g), whereas liver (and some other organs) contain practically no

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178731

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The activity of peptidase enzymes in different brain areas inactivating luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was investigated in normal male and female rats and female rats treated neonatally with androgen. Of the two fractions containing peptidase activity, changes were found only in the supernatant (soluble/cytoplasmic) fraction and were restricted to the hypothalamus and cortex. In both these brain areas, peptidase activity was considerably higher in androgen-treated than in normal female rats; there was no significant difference between activity in male rats and the androgen-treated female rats. These findings indicate that neonatal androgen produces masculinization of the mechanisms responsible for LH-RH inactivation in the hypothalamus which may reflect changes observed elsewhere in gonadotropin secretion in androgen-treated female rats. The changes in peptidase activity in the cortex may infer that sexual differentiation of the brain under the influence of androgen is not limited to the hypothalamus and can be manifested at extrahypothalamic sites within the central nervous system.

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178743

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The hepatic oxidative metabolism of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and aminopyrine has been investigated in adult rats of both sexes treated neonatally with either clomiphene citrate (100 µg on day 3) or op’-DDT (1 mg daily on days 2–3). The rates of 16α-, 7α- and 7β-hydroxylase activities of DHA and the N-demethylase activities of aminopyrine in hepatic microsomes of normal males were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those of females. Treatment with clomiphene citrate reduced significantly (p < 0.05) the 16α-hydroxylase activities of males and appeared to suppress the 7α-hydroylase and N-demethylase activities to a lesser extent. Neonatal op’-DDT also reduced these hepatic oxidative activities. Neither treatment affected the 7β-hydroxylase activities. On the other hand, no significant differences in these activities were observed between the control and the treated females, all of which had persistent vaginal estrus. Therefore, it appears that treatment of male neonates with these weak estrogenic compounds antagonizes the androgen-mediated expression of the DHA-16α-hydroxylase acti

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178732

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To test the effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on serum arginine vasopressin (AVP) in euthyroid and hypothyroid individuals, 500 µg of TRH was administered to four euthyroid subjects and three patients with primary hypothyroidism. Serum AVP was significantly depressed below basal levels from 30 to 60 min in the euthyroid and hypothyroid subjects after administering the releasing agent. The basal serum AVP in the hypothyroid subjects (3.1 ± 1.1 µU/ml) was not significantly greater than the basal serum AVP in the euthyroid subjects (2.8 ± 1.2µU/ml). The maximal incremental depression in serum AVP after TRH in the hypothyroid subjects (1.4 ± 0.7 µU/ml) was similar to the depression observed in the euthyroid subjects (1.8 ± 0.9 µU/ml). These data suggest that TRH may have a physiologic role in modulation of AVP releas

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178733

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Four patients with thyrotoxicosis, hypercalcaemia and metabolic bone disease are described. One of them had a ‘hot nodule’, T3 toxicosis and a parathyroid tumour and another had thin bones, subperiosteal cortical bone erosions and complete dysphagia. Hypercalcaemia persisted during treatment with antithyroid drugs in two patients, both of whom had hyperparathyroidism. The administration of salmon calcitonin to these two patients before starting antithyroid treatment produced an immediate and sustained fall in serum calcium and urinary hydroxyproline levels. Calcitonin administration should be of value in the early management of hypercalcaemic patie

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178734

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The quantitative nitroblue-tetrazolium test demonstrated that polymorphonuclear leucocytes from patients with hypothyroidism reduced the dye less well than leucocytes from euthyroid persons. The ability of these cells to ingest and kill staphylococci were unimpaired. The abnormality of the nitroblue-tetrazolium test in hypothyroid patients was corrected after their treatment with thyroxine.

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178735

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a study of the effects of hydrocortisone on the embryonic chicken cartilage somatomedin assay, in the absence and in the presence of normal human reference serum (NHRS), it was found that: (1) The basal uptake of 35S into chicken embryo pelvic cartilage was reduced when hydrocortisone hemisuccinate was added to the incubation medium in concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 1.5 X 105 ng/ml. There was a correlation between the inhibitory effect and the quantity of hydrocortisone added (r = -0.869; p < 0.01). (2) The 35S uptake stimulated by 1.25 and 5 % serum present in the incubation medium was reduced by hydrocortisone in a final concentration range of 150–1.5 X 105 ng/ml incubation medium. The minimal dose was 1,000 times that required to affect the basal 35S uptake. (3) When hydrocortisone was directly added to the NHRS, its interfering effect on the 35S uptake stimulated by 1.25, 5 and 20 % of serum in the incubation medium was demonstrable with 5 X 105 ng hydrocortisone/ml serum. This concentration exceeded the physiological level of hydrocortisone by a factor of 5,00

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178736

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A highly specific antiserum raised against the 3(O-carboxymethyl)oxime of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) was produced in rabbit and used in the development of a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) for 17-OHP which included a celite chromatography. Methods allowing the measurement of plasma 17-OHP levels either separately or in combination with that of several plasma androgens (testosterone, △4-androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone) are described. Moreover, RIA measurement of plasma 17-OHP levels with or without chromatographic (celite column) purification gave comparable results (mean ± SD) in 29 normal adult males (118 ± 34 ng/l00 ml) and 35 normal adult females (follicular phase: 46 ± 16 ng/l00 ml; luteal phase: 241 ± 71 ng/1

ISSN:1663-2818    

DOI:10.1159/000178737

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger