摘要:

A literature survey showed that the lubricating mechanism of tricresyl phosphate (TCP) was not clear. The theory of polishing by formation of an iron-iron phosphide eutectic was not supported. Wear reduction by the formation of iron phosphate was more reasonable. Experimental work was conducted which showed that when steel sliding on steel was lubricated with TCP, a film consisting of a mixture of FePO4and FePO4· 2H2O was formed. Other friction and wear experiments and film analyses supported the phosphate mechanism.Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the Lubrication Conference held in Washington, D.C., October 13–16, 1964.

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972073

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Commercial tricresyl phosphale-32 (TCP-32) has been used to illustrate the involvement of P32in physical adsorption and chemical reaction at the bearing surface. Chromatographic analyses of three commercial batches of TCP-32 indicate the presence of appreciable quantities of polar P32impurities. Thin-layer and iron-powder chromatography have been studied as analytical tools for the quantitative measurement and separation of TCP-32 and its P32impurities. The effect of the polar P32impurities on physical adsorption on the bearing surface is illustrated as a function of polar P32impurity concentration. The effect of a variety of surface-active additives on P32adsorption at the bearing surface has also been studied. The wear properties of TCP, acid phosphates, and acid phosphites in several base stocks have been studied to illustrate the effects of polar impurities on the antiwear properties of TCP. The presence of P32chemically combined with the bearing metal is suggested by the wear studies with TCP-32. A definite relationship is shown between effective antiwear behavior and a high level of P32chemically combined with the worn bearing surface.Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the Lubrication Conference held in Washington, D.C., October 13–16, 1964.

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972074

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The steel-on-steel friction characteristics imparted by an oil-additive blend depend on the combination of friction-modifying additive, oxidation inhibitor, and base oil used in the blend. Increased refining of mineral oils generally enhanced the friction modifier effectiveness. The results with synthetic fluids generally fell within the mineral oil range. Free-radical inhibitor-type oxidation inhibitors enhanced or reduced the effect of friction-modifying additives whereas peroxide decomposer-type oxidation inhibitors did not. The magnitude and direction of the base oil-inhibitor interaction effect varied markedly depending on which friction-modifying additive was used. The results suggest that limited base oil oxidation may be essential for additive response.Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the Lubrication Conference held in Washington, D.C., October 13–16, 1964.

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972075

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Boundary lubrication by hydrocarbons was explored by using a four-ball machine with 52100 steel specimens at 0.35 cm per second sliding velocity. The chemical type of the hydrocarbon and the amount of oxygen dissolved in it appeared important. Low molecular weight liquid aromatic hydrocarbons exposed to ambient air were found as effective as straight mineral oils in controlling wear, while saturated hydrocarbons usually were markedly poorer. Benzene and cyclohexane were used as model lubricants in the study of oxygen concentration in vapor and liquid phase. Both high and low oxygen-to-hydrocarbon ratios favored high wear and inorganic wear products. Certain intermediate ratios favored low wear and the formation of an oxygenated organic “friction polymer” which prevented metallic contact. Results are discussed in the light of knowledge concerning catalytic reactions at clean metal surfaces.Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the Lubrication Conference held in Washington, D.C., October 13–16, 1964.

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972076

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The kinetic study of the reaction between steel surfaces and lubricants containing labeled sulfur compounds was carried out by using an NACA-type friction machine with line contact. When the line contact apparatus is used, a correction term should be added to the theoretical equation for a point contact to apply the empirical results.

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972077

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Sliding experiments from—195 to +200 C are reported for metals lubricated with thin films of hydrocarbons, fatty acids, and synthetic lubricants in helium and air. For copper and iron pairs lubricated with pure organic compounds, a marked rise in friction and wear is found to occur at the melting point of the film material. From just below the melting point down to —195 C, there is an increase in friction but negligible wear, indicating increased shear strength of the solid film. This is substantiated by contact resistance measurements.

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972078

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Studies of transitions between low and high friction and wear in the four-ball machine are extended and confirmed with lubricants consisting of noncyclic hydrocarbons and dilute solutions of stearic acid in cetane and squalane. These show transition temperatures that are the same for AISI 4140 and 52100 steels and that increase with increasing ratio of speed to load. Hydrocarbons with cyclic structures show similar performance with 4140 steel and, at high speed-load ratios, with 52100 steel. However, with the 52100 steel at low speed-load ratios there is a speed-load ratio independent transition temperature. Neat stearic acid with 52100 steel shows similar performance to the cyclic hydrocarbons with the speed-load ratio independent transition temperature agreeing with pin-on-disk machine results on other steels in the literature. These and literature results are rationalized by a mechanism involving viscous trapping of lubricant between interacting load-supporting asperities.Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the Lubrication Conference held in Washington, D.C., October 13–16, 1964.

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972079

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The silicones studied were found to fall into two main groups. One group, of which the dimethyl silicone was representative, exhibited high friction and severe wear on hard metals but low friction and slight wear on soft metals. The other group, which consisted of fluorinated silicones, lubricated all metals satisfactorily. This pattern of behavior was independent of chemical reactivity of the metal, and there was no evidence of physiochemical interaction between the metal and the lubricants examined. A dimensional analysis suggests that even under the conditions of high pressure and low speeds effective lubrication is provided by the fluorinated silicones because of their favorable pressure-viscosity characteristic.Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the Lubrication Conference held in Washington, D.C., October 13–16, 1964.

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972080

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Results of the development of new methods for the investigation and evaluation of the properties of lubricants with various additives are discussed. The use of an electrokinetic investigation method combined with a radiotracer method has permitted studying the mechanism of the detergent action of some additives for motor oils in the presence of an electric field. It is shown that the simultaneous evaluation of the antiwear and detergent properties of motor oils is possible with additives and a laboratory radiotracer method. A radiotracer method is suggested for studying the chemical activity of EP additives for motor oils at temperatures from 200 to 600 C in the zone of the contact of the metal surface with the oil.Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the Lubrication Conference held in Washington, D.C., October 13–16, 1964

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972081

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0569-8197    

DOI:10.1080/05698196508972082

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1965

数据来源: Taylor