ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe case of a 42‐year‐old right‐handed man with a right forearm amputation who has made skillful use of his work arm in using a personal computer was reported. His work arm consists of a single wall socket, which envelops the stump of his arm near the mid‐humerus, a nine‐figure harness, and a ‐stick. He can tap all the computer keys with his work arm without seeing the keyboard and feels touch sense at the tip of his work arm. I postulated that this ability depends on the neural mechanism coding for the formation of body schema involving stumps and prostheses.

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine whether the Genesis II foot enhanced function in unilateral belowknee amputees in comparison with the Seattle foot. Ten unilateral amputees were tested with gait analysis, energy consumption, and agility tests wearing the Seattle foot and the Genesis foot in conjunction with a subject satisfaction survey. Gait analysis found no significant differences in gait parameters, although peak dorsiflexion was increased with the Genesis foot in comparison with the Seattle foot. The Genesis foot also had an increase in power absorption and generation in comparison with the Seattle foot. No significant differences were found in energy consumption and agility tests. Subjects found the Genesis foot to excel in the ability to go up hills, in propulsion, and in maneuverability on uneven ground in comparison with the Seattle foot. The increased motion and power generation found in subjects wearing the Genesis foot appears to enhance function during walking and running. These findings correlated well with subject impression of foot function.

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe compressive mechanical properties of four prosthetic liner materials (urethane, two silicones, and a thermoplastic elastomer) were compared to human muscle as a function of geometric flow constraint and loading rate. Loading rate effects on calcaneal heel pad were also measured. The mechanical properties evaluated were from force‐displacement data obtained during material tests and included stiffness, the percentage of energy absorbed, and residual displacement (or thinning) 8 seconds after unloading. The geometric flow constraint involved a 25.4‐mm diameter piston pushed into an 11.5‐mm deep cylindrical cavity with radial piston/cylinder clearances of 0.8 mm, 1.55 mm, and 3.2 mm. The haversine wave‐form load‐controlled tests increased the load from 50 N to 550 N in 10.0, 1.0, and 0.2 seconds; loading rates of 0.1 Hz, 1.0Hz, and 5.0 Hz. The variation of test parameters had a large and mixed effect on the different materials. The average stiffnesses for each material over all geometries and loading rates were as follows: urethane, 537 N/mm; silicone A, 442 N/mm; human muscle, 394 N/mm; thermoplastic elastomer, 220 N/mm; heel pad, 134 N/mm; and silicone B, 99 N/mm. The average percentages of energy absorbed were as follows: human muscle, 90%; silicone A, 74%; urethane, 71%; heel pad, 59%; thermoplastic elastomer, 56%; and silicone B, 41%. The average residual displacements were as follows: urethane, 0.23 mm; silicone A one layer, 0.43 mm; silicone B, 0.47 mm; thermoplastic elastomer, 0.66 mm; silicone A two layers, 0.74 mm; human muscle, 1.09 mm; and heel pad, 1.6 mm. Impact tests were also performed that involved dropping a 4.45 N mass 151 mm onto the liner materials placed on a piezoelectric sensor. The 820 N impact force without liner materials was decreased to 186 N with muscle, 258 ˙N with urethane or two layers of silicone A, 268 N with a thin layer of heel pad, and 309 N for the thermoplastic elastomer. A single layer of silicone A and the silicone B material both ripped repeatedly during impact testing. Using standard material selection methods, urethane appears to be the optimal prosthetic liner material by offering the unique combination of best response (via highest stiffness), best impact protection (via lowest impact forces), and least thinning (via least residual displacement 8 seconds after unloading). The preliminary data reported here suggests that the differences in comfort reported by amputees who have used multiple liner material types are justified.

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTManagement of lower extremity musculoskeletal disorders using knee‐ankle‐foot orthosis (KAFO) represents a complex phenomenon. Much research addressing gait and biomechanics with various KAFO designs has been conducted. The majority of the KAFO users abandon the orthosis primarily because of discomfort and poor ergonomic factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate patients' experiences with two different KAFO designs in relation to performance, satisfaction, and well being.Five subjects with a primary diagnosis of postpolio paralysis participated in the study. An anterior approach design KAFO and a conventional posterior approach design KAFO were evaluated. Three categories of questionnaires focusing on performance, satisfaction, and well being were administered. The questionnaires measured ease of application and removal, stability, function, and body part discomfort.The primary conclusion is that in actual practice at home and in the work environment, the anterior approach design is preferred in relation to performance, satisfaction, and well being.

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID