ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The viscoelastic behavior of pediatricsized polypropylene ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) has been investigated by measuring the stiffness and buckling of AFOs before, during and after cyclic loading. Cyclic loading simulates normal gait by forcing the AFOs into dorsiflexion (10 degrees) and plantarflexion (15 degrees). Mechanical properties were measured after three 24-hour periods of 187,200 cycles. After cyclic loading, mechanical properties were again measured at six discrete time intervals to determine if the plastic recovered or remained permanently degraded. The cycling rate simulated a relatively rapid walking pace of 130 steps per minute.The AFOs exhibited a significant reduction in mechanical properties—30 percent reduction in stiffness and 4.4 percent increase in malleolar diameter— after just one 24-hour period of cycling. Within 15 minutes after cycling had ceased, however, the AFOs began to recover their mechanical integrity and within an hour had recovered fully.Microfracturing (crazing) was observed in the sagittal walls of the AFO specimens. This was attributed to excessive stress as the plastic curved outward to accommodate the malleoli prominences.

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Conventional, semi-custom finger prostheses centrally fabricated of poly vinyl chloride are often rejected due to suboptimal appearance and a tendency to stain. Rejection is frustrating for the amputee, prosthetist and referring physician. This article summarizes 20 years of experience by the senior author in using custom-fabricated, custom-colored prostheses made from silicone elastomers

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Eighty patients who underwent cementless hip revision surgery were managed postoperatively with a prefabricated, adjustable range-of-motion hip-abduction orthosis. Four patients had both hips revised. The orthosis was incorporated into the patients' nursing and occupational and physical therapy during hospitalization. Patients continued to wear the orthosis whenever they were out of bed for an average of eight weeks after surgeryThe hip orthosis was used to prevent postoperative dislocation, which some reports have indicated can occur on as many as 20 percent of all revisions. Seven of the 84 hips (8.3 percent) dislocated. The average length of hospitalization was 10 daysThis article identifies patients most at risk of dislocation, discusses the orthotic management of anterior and posterior dislocation patients, and provides specific team protocol

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors have developed a swing-shell closure with fourbar linkage that combines the advantages of the familiar bivalve with flexible overlap designs. Like the conventional hinged bivalve or “alligator-mouth” design, the swing shell has a rigid anterior panel that provides consistent weightbearing contours and positive vertical suspension. Like the flexible overlap system, the swing shell also offers ease of donning and accommodates volume changes. These advantages justify the added fabrication time, particularly when atrophy or growth is anticipated. Encouraging results in 24 of 25 orthotic cases led to the successful incorporation of the design into 15 prostheses for congenital anomalies.

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In 1989 the International Standards Organization (ISO) adopted terms intended for descriptive use in prosthetics, orthotics and related allied health professions. Included are ISO Standard 8548-1, Prosthetics and Orthotics—Limb Deficiencies, Part 1: Method of Describing Limb Deficiencies Present at Birth; and Standard 8549-1, 2 & 3, Prosthetics and Orthotics—Vocabulary, Part 1: General Terms for External Limb Prostheses and External Orthoses, Part 2: Terms Relating to External Limb Prostheses and Wearers of these Prostheses, and Part 3: Terms Relating to External OrthosesIn 1993, the American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists (AAOP) and the American Orthotic and Prosthetic Association (AOPA) adopted and endorsed the ISO terminology. This terminology is also supported and endorsed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics (ISPO). This article reviews some of the ISO terms

ISSN:1040-8800    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID