ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A survey of United States hospitals was conducted to determine policies relating to father attendance, use of anesthesia, and timing of mother‐infant contact with cesarean deliveries, as well as hospital staffs’ perceptions of mothers’ interest in vaginal birth after cesarean. We found that the number of hospitals allowing fathers to attend cesarean births increased from 35 percent in 1979 to 80 percent in 1984. Father attendance varied with size of delivery service, region of the country, and type of anesthesia used. Approximately one‐third of women with a previous cesarean were reported to have requested a trial of labor in a subsequent pregnancy. The average length of time before extended mother‐infant contact after cesarean delivery was reported to be twice that after vaginal delivery (4 vs 2 hours) and varied with size of delivery service and region of th

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A retrospective study was conducted to determine differences in psychosocial and medical factors among low‐income women with low and normal birthweight infants. The matched sample included 65 women in each group and data was collected on medical, demographic and detailed psychosocial information. Street drug use and hospitalization during pregnancy were significantly related to low birthweight after matching for 8 factors. Psychosocial factors from a patient's past background included mother's history of drug abuse, poor parenting by her mother and father, and being abused as a child. Psychosocial factors noted during the current pregnancy were major financial concerns, street drug use; poor relationships, particularly with father of the baby; and emotional and physical abuse. Study results suggest the need for more in‐depth psychosocial assessment during pregnancy, and prenatal interventions designed to address these special psychosocial fact

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The efficacy of intrapartum electronic fetal heart rate monitoring (EFM) in reducing perinatal mortality is uncertain. In a multihospital study in King County, Washington, we compared the effect of EFM with periodic auscultation in singleton infants with birthweights of 700 to 1500 g. Charts were reviewed for all 304 such pregnancies delivered during 1977‐1979 at the 14 area hospitals that provide obstetric care. The group with periodic auscultation showed a relatively higher proportion of risk factors for perinatal mortality: extremely low birthweight (<1100 g), noncephalic presentation, delivery outside a tertiary obstetric center, and absence of premature rupture of membranes. Adjusted for these risk factors, the perinatal mortality of the EFM group was only slightly less than that of the group with periodic auscultation (relative risk = 0.91; 95% confidence limits = 0.65–1.3). Our results suggest that in infants of very low birthweight, the probability of perinatal death is little affected by the choice of EFM or periodic auscultation to monitor fetal heart r

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Preterm birth is the major cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. This tragic outcome occurs most frequently among mothers of lower social class and those with few psychosocial resources, including social support. Intervention studies supplying social support in other health fields have demonstrated improved psychosocial and behavioral outcomes, but not physical outcomes. This is a review of the current information about such effects and a description of studies that are attempting to test the effect of supplemental social support in pregnancy on physical outcomes such as preterm birth.

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:In this paper we examine the four major barriers to the operation of free‐standing birth centers: lack of regulation, underuse, unavailability of professional liability insurance, and lack of systematic, continuing medical outcome data‐collection systems. Recommendations for overcoming each of these barriers are offe

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This is a quick reference table of strategies for assisting families to cope with miscarriage, stillbirth, or neonatal death. Strategies are listed, with references from the medical and nursing literature.

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0730-7659    

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1988.tb01084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY