ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1959.tb02416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1) Soluble protein in the cerebral hemisphere of the immature dog brains occupies fairly large proportion of the solid components, and it gradually decreases with growth of the brain, while, insoluble protein shows concomitant increase with active myelination in development.2) Electrophoretic fractions of the soluble brain protein shows a variation with age. The more mature the brain tissue, the lower became the amounts of the soluble protein fractions with high hydration. This may likely account for the decrease of the hydrophilic property of brain tissue with added age.3) Electrophoretic protein fractions of immature brain behave somewhat different from those of mature brain in precipitability through sodium sulfate and in coagulability through

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1959.tb02417.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1) The soluble protein taken from the cerebral hemisphere of dogs was fractionated by the methods ofTiseliuselectrophoresis, paper electrophoresis and sodium sulfate. Difference among the results of the three fractionating methods was subjected under discussion.2) No large difference in the electrophoretic patterns among the cerebral lobes was detectable, but there availed a significant difference between the grey matter and the white matter. There was established no essential difference in the electrophoretic patterns of cerebral hemisphere of mice, dogs, the bovine and the human, in spite of certain difference existent among respective fraction ratio according to the animal spec

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1959.tb02418.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYBoth the electrical activity and the seizure caused by repetitive electrical stimulation of Amnion's horn of rabbits (partly, of dogs) under non‐anesthesia or dial‐anesthesia were recorded simultaneously at the cortex and the stimulating locus, and the spread of seizure to the cortex and the subcortical regions was recorded. Therefrom, the following results were obtained.1. The spontaneous activity of Ammon's horn is made up in general of series of fast waves of low voltage (8–15 c./sec.) as compared with that of the cortex. Through sensory stimulation, it gets changed into regular slow waves of somewhat high voltage (3–5 c./sec.), accompanied by simultaneous changing of the cortical activity into fast waves of low voltage.2. Through mechanical stimulation of Ammon's horn, there comes injury discharge consisting of succession of regular spike waves of high frequency, which goes spreading over to the cortex and subcortical structures.3. Upon repetitive electrical stimulation of Ammon's horn, there occur both the primary negative response of short latency and low voltage from the ipsilateral cortex and the secondary negative response of high voltage following the former. With further continuation of stimulation, the primary response remained invariable while the secondary one gives a marked decrease in strength. By and by, there takes place now the tertiary negative response much shorter in latency together with the disorder of wave form. When stimulation gets interrupted at this time, a marked seizure dischasge will be produced successively.4. The seizure was the continuation of spike waves of high frequency all independent of the rhythm of stimulation. It consisted both of the tonic phase represented by a succession of spike waves of high voltage and 10–30 c./sec. and the clonic phase (groups of 5–8 spike waves and pause), the time duration of sizure reading 15–40 sec.5. The beginning of this seizure resumes either of two types: one begins with tonic phase and the other with clonic phase. These two types are also observable about the end of the seizure, that is, one ending abruptly and the other gradually.6. With regard to the course of seizure, most frequently observed type begins with tonic phase and ends in the clonic phase; some proceeds in the clonic phase all through or goes from the clonic phase over to the tonic one. Rarely there comes a type with recurrent seizures of high voltage interposed by low potential period in between (recurrence phenomenon).7. The occurrence of seizure stands under influence of the depth of anesthesia and intensity of stimulation, as a rule, easily evokable under light anesthesia but hardly under deep anesthesia. The optimal stimulation conditions for evokation of seizure read 5–15 V in amplitude, 7–15 c./sec. in frequency and 0.5 msec, in pulse duration. The threshold of stimulation for Ammon's horn stands always lower than that of the other regions.8. The loci of stimulation for easy evokation of seizure are the alveus, fornix etc. of the Ammon's formation.9. The regions disposed for spread of seizure are, Area temporalis, Area occipitalis, Area retrosplenialis granularis, lateral part of Area striata, Area parietalis 4 and 5 and, coming next in order, Area parietalis 1, 2 and 3 and Area striata. There was no spread of seizure at Area postcentralis, Area praecentralis granularis and Area agranularis, where the waves may be transformed into the waves of spontaneous activity, though rarely. (Refer toRoses paper32)for the nomenclature!)10. There are two sorts in mode of spreading of seizure toward the cortex, that is, projection and propagation. Under physiological conditions, spreading occurs through projection, but, under abnormally heightened excitement of the cortex, automatic cortical seizure gets producible through propagation which sometimes may grow to real, generalized convulsion.11. Seizure is evokable not only at the ipsilateral but also at the contralateral Amnion's horn simultaneously by the way of psalterium, further to spread to both sides of the subcortical regio

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1959.tb02419.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1959.tb02420.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1. Fresh sperm and DNP of spermic source from long‐standing schizophrenic patients were injected intravenously into rabbits to prepare anti‐serum. Intracutaneous reaction, precipitation reaction, and complement fixation reaction were performed with the said serum on mental patients and normal subject.2. In case of intracutaneous reaction, local rubor became the most extensive after 8–16 hours of injection. A reaction took place in schizophrenic patients especially potently. In anti‐serum cases against fresh sperm, significant differences were observed between reactions in schizophrenic group and normal group. In anti‐serum cases against spermic DNP there were also perceived significant differences between reactions in schizophrenic group and manic‐depressive psychosis, general paresis, psychoneurosis, toxic psychosis as well as normal group.3. There were observable no remarkable differences between sexes in cases of intracutaneous reaction.4. Precipitation reaction was performed between anti‐serum and both sperma exsudate and serum of schizophrenics, manic‐depressive psychosis and normal subject. There was hardly any difference between schizophrenia and manic‐depressive psychosis, but schizophrenia and manic‐depressives showed a little stronger reaction than the normal subject. Neither, it reacted with any serum.5. Complement fixation reactions were made between anti‐serum and both sperma exsudate and serum of schizophrenics, manic‐depressive psychosis and normal subject. As the result, anti‐serum reacted strongly with every sperma exsudates, though there were obtained no findings specific to schizophrenia. Also, there the reaction failed to occur between anti‐s

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1959.tb02421.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1. Two cases have been reported in which normal symmetrical alpha waves were observed in the presence of a large and thick unilateral subdural hematoma.2. These cases necessitated experimental investigation on short‐circuiting effect of hematoma on cortical electrical potentials, which had been insisted upon by various authors and could be accepted from the standpoint of common sense. In this connection modifying effects of the structures overlying the brain on cortical potentials were also examined.3. Modification of cortical electrical potentials by the skull and the scalp consists of spatial diffusion, reduction in amplitude and changes in frequency spectrum. Spatial diffusion was found very extensive and the most responsible structure for causing diffusion and reduction in amplitude was found to be the skull. Relative attenuation of fast waves by those structures was observed, but the relationship between the degree of attenuation and wave frequency was not simple. The cause was discussed.4. Observation was made on modifying effects of a rubber sheet and a cotton layer soaked in normal saline, each of which was inserted between the cortex and the skull, on cortical potentials as well as on potentials applied to the surface of the cortex or the dura, and following inference has been made. Short‐circuiting effect on cortical potentials may be manifested when the hematoma is relatively fresh and not so small nor so thin. Normal symmetrical EEG may be observed in the presence of a large unilateral subdural hematoma when it developes very chronically and its capsule much thickly and when main sources of alpha waves participating in the scalp EEG on the hematoma lie outside the cortex covered by the hemat

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1959.tb02422.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

RésuméVoici les particularités de l'amnésie observée chez trois schizophrènes qui avaient subi la cure de l'électro‐choc, deux fois par semaine.1) Cette amnésie débuta sans inquiétude après la cure.2) Elle rétrogradait jusqu'à une huitaine d'années, méme à plus de dix ans précédant le début de la maladie. Pendant ce temps, les malades étaient sains.3) L'objet de cette amnésie était total sans File de mémoire ni celle d'oubli.4) Cette amnésie manquait d'antérogradation.5) Elle n'était pas accompagnée de fabulation.6) Les malades s'orientaient toujours correctement.7) Ils continuaient sérieusement de tâcher le remplissement d'amnésie.La structure de cette amnésie est différente de celle du syndrome deKorsakow, mais elle ressemble à celle d'après la cure deSakel.Nous pensons done que cette am

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1959.tb02423.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sensorische Aphasien und Amusien auf Myeloarchitektonischer Grundlage von Prof. Dr.K. Kleist

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1959.tb02424.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY