摘要:

SummaryIn order to explore the question if dopamine β‐hydroxylase inhibitor alone has a disulfiram‐like effect on alcohol, fusaric acid, a potent inhibitor of dopamine β‐hydroxylase, was administered to 23 gamma alcoholics. The alcohol‐test was made twice, prior to administration of fusaric acid and after one week of the treatment. Significant effects of the agent on reaction to alcohol were observed in the symptom of flushing of face, a fall in blood pressure, change of the taste, and feeling of getting drunk. These symptoms were more slight than those of the alcohol‐disulfiram reaction. However, it was emphasized that the mechanism of the alcohol‐disulfiram reaction is not explained by only a transient hyperacetaldehydemia, but may be also related to the metabolism of both catecholamines and serotonin. Further clinical studies are needed to assess therapeutic use of te compound in the treatment of chronic alcoholism.The fusaric acid was supplied from Banyu Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. with a favor of Professor Hamao Umezawa, Director of Institute of Biseibutsu Kagaku to meet with the request of one of the authors, Mot

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOur experience on 107 cases of endogenous depression shows that L‐5‐hydroxy‐tryptophan is clinically effective. If we disregard the cases who showed improvement only after 4 weeks, more than half of the cases improved within a few weeks by L‐5‐HTP.We propose that endogenous depression is a disease in which biosynthesis of serotonin is periodically decreased, and this decrease is shown clinically as depression, and L‐5‐HTP, which penetrates into brain through blood brain barrier and is decar‐boxylated to form serotonin, may well be supplying serotonin the brain of depression needs.The dose used by us is rather low comparing to L‐DOPA dose on parkinsonism, and changes of serotonin or 5‐hydroxyindole acetic acid level in blood or cerebrospinal fluid may be very small, although still to be determined.As far as we have experienced, the administration of L‐5‐HTP for several weeks caused no severe side effects.The administration of L‐5‐HTP, we believe, opened a new approach to treat and analyse endogenous depression. Clinically, it is effective for the treatment and prevention of the depressive phase of endogenous depression. An important problem is why the biosynthesis of serotonin is decreased in endogenous depression, and this problem is to be solved to understand the ba

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1) One hundred and thirty four endogenous manic‐depressive psychotics were classified into 24 types according to the combination of the age of onset (early, intermediate, middle, late) and length of symptom‐free interval period (continuous, frequent, periodic, periodic to continuous, periodic to frequent, intermittent).2) The cases with shorter symptom‐free interval period such as those belonging to continuous and frequent types tended to have earlier onset, and longer interval tended to be combined with later onset.3) The incidence of bipolar type was very high in the early onset group and declined as the age of onset became higher. All of the continuous type patients showed bipolar course, whereas the incidence of monopolar type was 4 to 5 times as high as that of bipolar in periodic and intermittent types.4) The incidence of episodes with precipitating factors was around 70% in all types except for a very low incidence in the early‐continuous type. However, the number of cases in which more than a half of their episodes were precipitated by external factors, was only about 30% of the cases with precipitating factors. The incidence of such cases was very low in continuous and frequent types and relatively high in periodic and intermittent types.5) The incidence of the episode with precipitating factors was highest in the first episode and declined progressively as the episode repeated. That is, the disease tended to recur automatically without discernible precipitating factors supposedly due to a mechanism of channelling.6) No definite relationship could be found between the personality types such as immodithymic (immobilithymic, melancholic) and cyclothymic types, the onset‐interval types, and the presence or absence of precipitating factors, except for a low incidence of immodithymic personality in continuous type.7) The role of the biological process, premorbid personality and external precipitating factors in the pathogenesis of affective

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryDeafness and peripheral neuropathy are relatively rare complications of carbon monoxide intoxication. A case of carbon monoxide intoxication is presented with bilateral hearing loss and tinnitus, weakness and sensory impairment in the left hand, and weakness and atrophy of the left quadriceps femoris and hamstring muscles.Audiograms showed hearing loss of the perceptive type followed by partial improvement. Electromyograms revealed a neurogenic pattern and motor nerve conduction velocity was decreased in both legs.The etiology of the deafness and peripheral neuropathy in this case is not clear but is suspected to be due to combination of toxicity, hypoxia and compression.

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryClinico‐pathological descriptions were made on a case of Binswanger's disease, in whom the illness began with Parkinsonism and followed by progressive dementia. The authors compared the clinico‐pathological findings with those of the cases reported in the literat

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01110.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe authors reported a case of “pseudo‐ulegyric type” of hepatocerebral disease.1) Clinical course: A male aged 21 at the time of death. The patient had unbalanced diet. The illness began with insomnia and confusional state during the night. Recurring periods of clouding of consciousness lasting several hours were noted. About 5 months after the onset, he became bedridden and showed incontinence. In the later stage the intermittent periods of normality became shorter, and muscular rigidity set in in four limbs. Emaciation was marked, and he regressed mentally. Liver function test showed a slight degree of damage. Death occurred about one year after the onset of the disease.2) Pathological examination showed pseudo‐ulegyric change as well as laminar cortial necrosis in the insula, T.2, T.3 and temporo‐occipital regions on both sides, which were marked in the bottom of the sulci. Alzheimer's type II of glial cells were found diffusely in the cerebral cortex, in the nucleus of which Carmin‐positive substance was found.3) Clinico‐pathological comparison was made with 6 cases in t

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe authors reported a sporadic case of adult type of amaurotic idiocy.A female patient who had no specific hereditary taint had well worked as a primary schoolteacher until she married at the age of 27. About the same time she showed slight mental disturbance such as personality change and mild dementia. Subsequently her mental deterioration aggravated, so that she was obliged to retire from school 6 years after the onset of the disease. Then a gait disturbance and the following symptoms successively appeared: muscular rigidity, finger tremor, cerebellar symptoms, myoclonic jerks of the four limbs and generalized convulsions. EEG showed generalized spike and wave complex. The patient died of pneumonia at the age of 42 after the clinical course of 15 years.At autopsy, the brain weighed 900 g. and a moderate enlargement of the lateral ventricles was noted.Histologically the prominent feature was the swelling of the nerve cells of the cerebral cortex except for the area striata. In the regions other than the cerebral cortex, the distention of the neurons was found in the thalamus, oculomotor nucleus, substantia nigra, pontine nucleus, olivary nucleus, Purkinje cells, dentate nucleus and anterior horn cells of the spinal cord.Histochemical examination revealed the storage substance in the nerve cells consisted mainly of phospholipid with PAS‐positive glycolipid. Among the phospholipid sphingomyelin was dominantly exhibite

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1. Applying the method Age‐Correction besides Amplitude Scaling, each of 87 SERs recorded from 87 CO‐poisoned subjects was converted into the Age‐Corrected SER Patterns.2. Averaging the Age‐Corrected SER Patterns, Age‐Corrected IPA‐SER Patterns were obtained respectively with the severe and mild cases.3. In the Age‐Corrected IPA‐SER Pattern, the latencies of P1, N3, P3and P4were larger with the severe cases than with the mild cases, resulting in the ratios of 120, 107, 127 and 113% respectively. The amplitude between P2and N3was larger with the severe cases than with the mild cases, resulting in the ratio of 112%.4. The rate of coincidence of the discrimination of the severe and mild cases by the Age‐Corrected SER Patterns with the clinical graduation of each subjects attained to 85.7 and 72.7% respectively with the severe and mild cases, and to 75.9% in all.5. Considering also the results of the previous studies, these results of the present study verified the validity of the meth

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIpsilateral and contralateral SERs to stimulation of the median nerve have been studied in man. Contralateral responses with distinct peaks were observed constantly in every control subject and ipsilateral responses were also obtained. The latencies of the ipsilateral responses were longer than those of the contralateral ones except initial small positive peak. The amplitudes of the ipsilateral responses were smaller than those of the contralateral ones.In patients with sensory impairment, the normal ipsilateral and contralateral responses appeared when the non‐affected side was stimulated. When the affected side was stimulated, however, the ipsilateral and contralateral SERs were markedly reduced or abolished. An autopsy case with metastatic tumor of the one thalamus was reported. In this case, there was no apparent response over the ipsilateral and contralateral hemisphere after stimulation of the affected side,These results are compatible with the idea that ipsilateral SERs are the result of subsequent activation of the ipsilateral hemisphere via an interhemispheric pathway, possibly involving the corpus callosu

ISSN:1323-1316    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1972.tb01115.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY