摘要:

AbstractIn 10 patients with Helicobacter pylori (HP) positive chronic gastritis, gastric mucosal content of lnterleukin (IL)-1βIL-8, Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β1, Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and Polyamines (putrescine, spermine and spermidine) was evaluated before and after eradicating treatment. Histologically, in all patients eradication of HP was accompanied by a marked reduction of the inflammmatory infiltrate. At the same time, at the end of the therapeutical regimen, elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-8, TGF-β1, putrescine and spermidine/spermine ratio significantly dropped, while EGF mucosal content, significantly increased.Results are discussed in terms of the reciprocal role of inflammatory cytokines, growth factors and polyamines in the evolution of the HP-associated chronic gastritis.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007106

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon (IFN)-γon antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) was investigated. ADCC activity was measured by the51Cr release assay, using peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy subjects as effector cells and RPMI 4788 cells derived from human colon cancer as target cells.ADCC activity under sera from healty subjects remained low whether or not the effector cells were pretreated with TNF (100 U/ml, 16h). Under sera from UC patients, ADCC activity of 13.9%, compared to 9.6% when pretreatment was deleted. The effect of IFN pretreatment (100U/ml, 16h) was also examined under sera from UC patients; in that experiment activity rose to 26.8%, in comparison to a 10.7% when IFN-γpretreatment was deleted. Finally, when the effector cells were pretreated with both TNF and IFN-γ(100U/ml of each, 16h) the ADCC activity under sera from UC patients was higher than when either TNF or IFN-γwere used alone. These results suggest that TNF and IFN-γ, by increasing ADCC activity in UC lesions, are involved in cell injury in the colonic epithelium, IFN-γappears to increase ADCC activity by increasing the number of high affinity monocyte FcγRI receptors, while TNF increases ADCC activity by a different mechanism.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007107

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractProstaglandins (PGs) are generally known to exert inhibitory as well as some enhancing effects on the immune system. This study was performed to assess the influence of the exogenous PGs and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-elevating agents on cytokine production by PWM-stimulated human T lymphocytes.Peripheral blood T lymphocytes from healthy donors were pretreated for 30 min at 25°C with PGE2(10−4to 10−7M) PGF1α, IBMX or Forskolin (10−4to 10−5M) and cultured for 7 days in the presence of Pokeweed Mitogen (PWM), PGE2, IBMX and Forskolin, but not PGF1α, significantly increased IL-6 production while inhibited IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-αand GM-CSF production. Our data indicate that cAMP-elevating agents can profoundly affect cytokine secretion by T cells in PWM-driven cultures and that this effect is dose-dependent. The results reported here are compatible with the existence of separate pathways of gene induction for IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-αand GM-CSF on the one hand and IL-6 on the other one.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007108

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of Met-Enkephalin (MENK; 10−12- 10−8M) on NK-activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) afterin vitrotreatment (18 h, 37°C) was examined in 30 young, healthy male donors. In the group as a whole (n = 30), no significant effect of MENK was detected. At the individual level, 18 of 30 donors (60%) responded to MENK either by mild enhancement (up to 8%, 8 responders), or by mild attenuation (up to 12%, 10 responders) of the basal NK-activity. The effect of MENK was donorrelated regarding the dose-response, E/T ratio, and direction of MENK action. The influence of pretreatment of PBL (1 h) with either graded doses of interleukin-2 (IL-2; 3, 25, 50 U/ml) or dexamethasone (Dex; 2.5×10−9, 2.5×10−8, 2.5×10−7M), on the effect of MENK was also tested. The idea was that pretreatment of PBL would result in predictable, and/or stronger response to MENK. In the group as a whole again no significant effect of MENK was detected on the NK-activity of PBL prestimulated by IL-2 (n = 16), or inhibited by Dex (n = 12). Further, pretreatment of PBL with IL-2/Dex did not significantly alter the intensity of modulation by MENK, which was generally mild. The data obtained have shown that pretreatment of PBL with IL-2 or Dex, regardless of their concentrations, did not significantly alter the frequency of responders to MENK being 50%, 62.5% and 64.3% with 3, 25 or 50 U/ml IL-2, respectively, and 50%, with all concentration of Dex used, as compared to that observed with resting PBL (60%). However, at the individual level physiological concentrations of MENK (10−12- 10−9M) induced enhancement or/and attenuation of the NK-activity pretreated with IL-2/Dex, respectively. The effect of MENK at the individual level was donor-related regarding the dose-response, E/T ratio, and direction of MENK action. Thus, pretreatment of PBL with graded concentrations of IL-2/Dex did not alter the effect of MENK on NK-activity, regarding the frequency and intensity, as well as the direction of modulation: it remained bidirectional, of low intensity, and independent of the grade of PBL preactivation/inhibition, therefore unpredictable.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007109

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe effect if thalidomide on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) produced in vitro by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated human cells was investigated. In cultures of LPS stimulated human mononuclear cells enriched for adherent cells and in cultures of LPS stimulated human monocytes of the cell line-THP-1, thalidomide ehanced the synthesis of TNF-α. When cultures of un-fractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with LPS, thalidomide decreased the synthesis of TNF-α. Depending on the type of cells stimulated with LPS in vitro, thalidomide, at concentrations achieved in vivo, can either enhance or suppress the synthesis of TNF-α

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007110

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractProtective effect of a Japanese traditional herbal medicine, Juzen-taiho-to (TJ-48), which was recently reported to augment host-mediated antifungal actions, inCandidaalbicans-infected mice was further studied. TJ-48, given orally once daily for 5 consecutive days in a dose of 2 g/kg after intravenous infection ofC. albicans, prolonged survival period of infected mice of a C3H/He J strain which is characteristic of functional deficiency of macrophages, but did not that of infected mice of a C3H/He N strain with normal macrophage function. Peritoneal macrophages obtained from C3H/He J mice showed a moderate inhibitory activity againstCandidagrowth in vitro. Theanti-Candidaactivity of the macrophages was augmented by the addition of TJ-48 or some component extracts of TJ-48 to the incubation medium. Among such active component extracts is an extract of Ginseng radix which was demonstrated to enhance the anti-Candida activity of macrophages in vitro and to prolong the survival time of C. albicans-infected C3H/He J mice without effect on C3H/He N mice. On the base of these findings, the mechanisms underlying the protective action of TJ-48 against systemicCandidainfection was discussed in relation with its possible activity to activate the macrophage function.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007111

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractTo investigate a possible role by cytochrome P450 (P450) in ethyl carbamate-induced immunosuppression, an attempt to assess the ability of ethyl carbamate, its metabolites produced by P450 (i.e., ethyl N-hydroxycarbamate and vinyl carbamate), and methyl carbamate to suppress the polyclonal antibody response induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide was made in splenocyte cultures isolated from female Balb/C mice. The results showed that vinyl carbamate and ethyl N-hydroxycarbamate were more immunosuppressive compared to ethyl carbamate. A structurally related analogue, methyl carbamate, did not suppress the antibody response. These results indicate that metabolism of ethyl carbamate by P450 may produce more immunosuppressive metabolites as in ethyl carbamate-induced carcinogenicity. A pre-incubation study with phenobarbital-induced liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH-generating system showed that the antibody response was suppressed by ethyl carbamate when splenocytes were pre-incubated with ethyl carbamate and microsomes simultaneously. Moreover, the suppression was completely recovered by the addition of a P450 inhibitor, aminoacetonitrile, in the pre-incubation. Taken together, the present results indicate that metabolism of ethyl carbamate by P450 enzyme(s) may be an important pathway to cause immunosuppression.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007112

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe investigated the effect of Chinese herbs Lithospermi radix, Astragali radix and Cnidii rhizoma on the functions of macrophages obtained from mice treated with the carcinogen N-butyl-N-butanolnitrosoamine (BBN). The chemotactic activity of murine macrophages was significantly decreased by 17 weeks of treatment with BBN compared with controrls. Production of IL-1 and TNF was also markedly reduced. Treatment with Lithospermi radix, Astragali radix, and Cnidii rhizoma significantly inhibited BBN-induced suppression chemotactic activity and production of IL-1 and TNF-αby macrophages. Moreover, we found that Astragali radix treated macrophage chemotaxis, it or Cnidii rhizoma induced productions of TNF-αwere in excessed of control.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007113

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of theβ-adrenergic agonists Salbutamol and Isoproterenol on the release of reactive oxyen species and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) was tested with bovine alveolar macrophages and HL-60 cells differentiated to macrophages by calcitriol. The production of reactive oxygen species was analyzed by a microplate assay using dichlorofluorescein-diacetate. It could be shown that this method almost exclusively measures superoxide anions. TNF was determined by a bioassay with WEHI cells. The superoxide anion production was stimulated by Zymosan, the TNF release by LPS. By incubation with 5×10−6and 5×10−7M Salbutamol or 5×10−7and 5×10−8m lsoproterenol prior to the stimulation, the production of superoxide anions as well as of TNF was inhibited to a significant deree. The inhibitory effects of the adrenergic agonists were completely or at least partially inhibited by the respective antagonists, ICI 118.551 and Propanolol, respectively.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007114

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractTwo phagocytes-mediated activities of the sea bassDicentrarchus labraxwere examined after exposure to sublethal concentrations of copper and cadmium: (a) phagocytosis (measured by phagocytotic index), and (b) the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (luminoldependent chemiluminescence) in response to bacteriaAeromonas salmonicida. In vivoexposure for 48 h to each metal separately by intraperitoneal injection did not affect the quantity of phagocytes of pronephros and their viability but inhibited, in dose-dependent manner, phagocytosis and chemiluminescence of these cells. The half-inhibition value was 250µ;gkg−1for copper and 1 mgkg−1for cadmium.In vitroexposure to copper for 30 min had the same immunomodulatory effect on macrophage chemiluminescence as that observedin vivo, whereas treatment with cadmium under the same conditions had a dose-dependent effect opposite to that observedin vivo.Assessement of these two macrophage-mediated functions could therefore be used as early bioindicators of the marine pollution.

ISSN:0892-3973    

DOI:10.3109/08923979609007115

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor