摘要:

Summary.In view of conflicting reports on the occurrence of complement binding to platelets in idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP) we performed measurements of platelet bound C3 in patients with AITP who had elevated levels of platelet bound IgG. Using a quantitative antiglobulin consumption technique 38 out of 42 patients were found to have fixed abnormally large amounts of C3 to their platelets, and a significant positive correlation between the amounts of platelet bound IgG and C3 was shown to exist. In additional experiments antibody eluates were prepared from AITP platelets and were shown to cause the fixation of C3 to normal donor plateletsin vitro. Taken together these findings strongly suggest that the C3 binding in AITP is specifically related to the disease process.

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Thrombocytopenia is frequently encountered in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) and systemic erythromatosus (SLE) and to a lesser extent in association with other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), pernicious anaemia (PA) and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA). This report attempts to document the incidence of thrombocytopenia in these disorders, other than that overtly due to malignant infiltration or marrow suppression by drugs and to demonstrate, that in a significant proportion antibody mediated immune distruction of platelets can be confirmed by positive platelet antibody tests. Platelet associated IgG (PAIgG) was measured in all patients by a quantitative enzyme linked assay. Platelet antibodies were found in 11 of 24 (46%;) thrombocytopenic patients with LPD, 10 of 16 (62%) patients with SLE and thrombocytopenia, and in all patients with RA and PA who had low platelet counts at the time of study. In addition, elevated PAIgG levels were found in the following non‐thrombocytopenic patients: 9 of 43 (21%) patients with LPD. 2 of 12 (17%) with SLE, 2 of 12 (17%) with AIHA, 2 of 39 (5%;) with PA and 5 of 61 (8%) patients with RA. The nature and the role of raised PAIgG levels in diseases other than autoimmune thrombocytopenia is controversial. Our reasons for interpreting these as true platelet autoantibodies in this selected group of disorders and the clinical implications of our results are discusse

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Investigations into the IgG sub‐types and number of molecules of IgG present on the red cells of 22 apparently normal healthy blood donors with positive direct antiglobulin tests are described. In all cases, the sub type was IgGl or IgG4, and none had more than 1000 mol of IgG per red cell. It is suggested that sequestration of IgG‐coated cells only occurs when the number of lgGl mol per cell reaches a certain l

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00492.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Haemolytic activity of the classical and alternative pathways and the levels of C4, C3 and factor B were serially measured in 153 serum samples of 41 patients with different types of leukaemia (9 AML, 14 ALL, 10 CML and 8 CLL). In parallel, the concentration of circulating immune complexes (CIC) was estimated using two methods, the complement consumption assay and the Clqsolubility test. Different complement profiles were found in different types of leukaemia. In AML, each complement parameter tested was elevated as compared to the control values (sera of healthy blood donors). Similar results were observed in ALL, although the differences were less marked. In CML, dissociation of the classical and alternative pathway activities was found: activities of the classical pathway and C4 were significantly elevated, whereas activity of the alternative pathway as well as C3 and factor B concentration did not differ significantly from the control values. In CLL, normal or slightly depressed complement levels were found. The concentration of circulating immune complexes measured by both methods was significantly increased as compared to control values. No significant positive or negative correlations were found between the complement levels and the immune complex concentrations determined in the same sera. An association between the clinical course of acute leukaemia and the complement levels was observed: significantly elevated complement titres were found in the blastic stage of the disease, whereas in remission normal values were recorded. The results of complement measurements performed in serum samples obtained before and after combination chemotherapy were compared on 32 occasions. In parallel to a significant decrease in the absolute number of blast cells in the peripheral blood, a normalization of the increased complement levels was observed after treatment.

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00493.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The content and composition of plasma and erythrocyte lipids from individuals having sickle cell anaemia has been determined. The plasma contains a significantly reduced content of both cholesterol and phospholipid while the ratio of cholesteryl ester to total cholesterol, the distribution of phospholipids classes, triglyceride concentration and the fatty acid content were similar to normal values. However, the free glycerol content of the plasma was eight‐fold higher than normal. Erythrocyte lipids contain an elevated level of cholesterol and control levels of phospholipid content, phospholipid distribution and fatty acid content. The plasma was separated by ultracentrifugation into VLDL (density<1.006), LDL (1.006

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.In healthy subjects the ESR is higher in women than in men, and in both sexes a rise with age occurs. It is well established that pathological elevation of the ESR may be due to elevation of the fibrinogen level. The present study has shown that in normal subjects the ESR correlates not only inversely with the haemoglobin level but also directly with the fibrinogen level. These two factors together explain the difference in ESR between men and women, and the major part of the age‐related increase in the ESR. Fibrinogen levels were found to be significantly higher in male smokers than male non‐smokers, and in women were inversely correlated with alcohol consumption; despite this the ESR did not differ in smokers and non‐smokers, nor was it related to alcohol intake. Oral contraceptive intake influenced neither the fibrinogen level nor the ESR. The correlation of ESR and fibrinogen concentration in healthy subjects suggests that physiological variation in the ESR is determined by the fibrinogen concentration as well as the haemoglobin

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00495.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Highly purified porcine factor VIII has been advocated for the treatment of bleeding episodes in patients with haemophilia who have inhibitors to factor VIII. This approach has been successful in a patient with an intermediate potency inhibitor showing little cross‐reactivity to porcine material. As in some other reported cases, a severe allergic reaction occurred on one occasion but did not preclude the subsequent use of the porcine concentrate in carefully controlled condition

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00496.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00497.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.A survey of the Western literature of histiocytic medullary reticulosis (malignant histiocytosis) provided 104 case reports with sufficient data from which the presence or absence of an absolute lymphopenia could be ascertained. Of these, 46 (44%) were lymphopenic at presentation or within the subsequent 10 days. A survey of a series of publications containing detailed peripheral leucocyte counts recorded in patients with diseases that, like HMR, may present with, or develop, pancytopenia showed that the incidence of lymphopenia ranged from 14% (Hodgkin's: stages I and II) to 46% (acute myelofibrosis; systemic lupus erythematosus; angio‐immunoblastic lymphadenopathy). It was concludedathat HMR should be added to the list of accepted causes of lymphopenia,bthat lymphopenia, as an aid to the diagnosis of HMR, will be of limited value,cthat when the peripheral leucocyte count of a patient is recorded in a case report, it should be accompanied by a full differential coun

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00498.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Platelet concentrates have been prepared in standard PVC (PL‐ 146) packs and polyolefin (PL‐732) packs. Comparison of pH and hypotonic stress of the platelet concentrates has shown that significantly improved values are obtained after storage of the concentrates at 22|MoC in PL‐732 packs for 5 days than after storage for 3 days in PL‐146 packs. There was no significant difference under conditions of the test between vertical and horizontal agitation of the concentrates. Since both pH and hypotonic stress recovery have shown a relationship to post‐transfusion recovery and viability, evidence is presented to support the 5‐day storage period of concentrates prepared and stored in P

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00499.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY