摘要:

SummaryThe mechanism of the increased haemoglobin (Hb) and erythrocyte survival in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) compared to haemodialysis (HD) was investigated by measuring hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP) activity and reduced glutathione concentration (GSH) in 12 patients—six patients who were stable on CAPD, and six patients who were stable on HD, and also six normal controls. We confirmed the rise in haemoglobin in the CAPD group. The HMP activity, measured by the liberation of14CO2from radioactive glucose labelled at the C1position shows that both HD and CAPD groups fall into the normal range (normal 3–11%) although the HMP activity is higher in the HD group. The reduced glutathione concentration in the three groups was: normal controls 2.41 ± 0.19 mmol/l; HD 3.31 ± 0.43 mmol/l; CAPD 2.68 ± 0.24 mmol/l. The HD group is significantly higher (P<0.01) than both normal and CAPD. We conclude that the rise in haemoglobin in CAPD patients is not related to a more effective HMP. This suggests other mechanisms i.e. marrow function or red‐cell loss in HD may be the reason for the lower haemoglobin in th

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAbnormally elevated levels of platelet‐associated immunoglobulins were detected in 508 patients with the clinical and haematological criteria of autoimmune thrombocytopenia (AITP). In 246 patients (48.4%), thrombocytopenia was accompanied by a variety of disease entities, the most commonly associated being autoimmune disorders (21.0%) and lymphoproliferative diseases (14.8%). This group was classified as ‘secondary’ AITP. There was a female preponderance in both the idiopathic and secondary AITP's and peak age incidences were identified in the 3rd–4th decades and in the 7th–8th decades of life. In 253 patients, only platelet‐associated IgG (PAIgG) was quantitated; there being insufficient material for further study. Both platelet associated immunoglobulins (PAIgG and PAIgM) were measured in the remaining 255 patients. When both parameters were quantitated, elevated PAIgM was seen slightly more frequently in the idiopathic group, in contrast to the secondary AITP's when PAIgG was seen more frequently abnormal. Both parameters were found most commonly elevated together in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in those in whom thrombocytopenia was induced by drug intake or preceding viral illness. PAIgG and PAIgM were quantitated by modification of a previously described enzyme‐linked immunoassay (Hegd

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCell volumes of lymphoblasts from 75 cases of acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) and lymphocytes from 33 normal individuals were determined using a Coulter Counter Model H4 Channelyzer. The average mean cell volume (MCV) and the model volume (MV) of lymphoblasts were larger than the MCV and MV of normal lymphocytes (P<0.01). In addition, the cell volumes of lymphoblasts from patients with ALL were more heterogeneous than normal lymphocytes. When the volumes of lymphoblasts were compared to the FAB classification, lymphoblasts from cases of L3 were larger than those from L2 and the latter were larger than lymphoblasts from the L1 subtype. When the volumes of lymphoblasts were compared to an immunological classification, lymphoblasts from cases of B cell ALL were larger than those from non‐B, non‐T and T cell ALL. The volume of lymphoblasts, however, showed no significant predictive value in the determination of complete remission, duration of first remission, or survi

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryChanges in serum potassium in premature neonates undergoing transfusion from CPDA‐1 triple satellite PRBC paediatric packs cannot be predicted solely on the basis of potassium dose and estimated plasma volume. Despite significant potassium loading during PRBC transfusion, the actual serum potassium change is much less than predicted in neonates with good renal status. These findings indicate that special washing procedures to reduce potassium concentrations in PRBC units for transfusion in neonates is not warranted although exclusion of units older than 5 days for transfusion in premature infants seems to be a reasonable polic

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis study has shown the neutrophil mean peroxidase measurement on the Technicon H6000 to be a simple reproducible technique for measuring neutrophil myeloperoxidase. This measurement shows no interference from contaminating eosinophils unlike spectrophotometric methods. The WBC count had little effect on the CV of the neutrophil mean peroxidase within the normal working range of the machine. Variations in the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the peroxidase substrate also had little effect on this measurement. Haemoglobin however had a significant inhibitory effect on the neutrophil mean peroxidase but this was in a predictable manner. The same inhibition of peroxidase also caused a decrease in the eosinophil count. This varied between individuals. The method described represents a suitable assay for the detection of varying degrees of neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity including the acquired and hereditary deficiencies. This parameter is potentially useful for the quality control of the cytochemically derived WBC differential.

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effect of high‐gradient magnetic separation on blood components has been investigated. For erythrocytes there is no significant change in the morphology, size distribution and in thein‐vvosurvival times at the confidence levelP= 0.05. For neutrophils stimulated nitro‐blue tetrazolium reduction is maintained after HGMS. No change in chemotaxis and yeast cell phagocytosis was observed. Platelet distribution curves show no detectable changes before and after filtration. It is concluded that blood separated by HGMS is suitable for diagnostic analysis and may be considered for return to the pa

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

PreambleIt is well known that histochemical techniques are useful in haematology; especially for the classification of acute leukaemias. However, it is often difficult to compare the results obtained in different laboratories because of the variety of techniques used by workers in various parts of the world. For this reason, the International Committee for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) convened an expert panel in order to examine the technical problems related to the standardization in cytochemical procedures for blood cells. The panel members met to discuss the problems, review various techniques, compare results and make recommendations for standardization of enzyme chemistry for light microscopy in air‐dried peripheral blood films and bone marrow preparations. Five enzymes were identified as requiring methodological standardization: peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, non‐specific esterase and chloroacetate esterase. Beta‐glucoronidase was excluded because of its minor clinical significance. Each enzymatic reaction was tested by at least two panel members in their laboratories before conclusions were made. The aim was to identify reference methods and also reliable selected techniques suitable for use in routine laboratory practice in order to obtain international comparability of data. For some enzymes the identification of a ‘reference’ method remains to be d

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCoag‐A‐Mate X2 (General Diagnostics) is an automated photo‐optical system for detection of clots, which can be used for measuring prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and assaying coagulation factors. We have compared results obtained with this instrument with those obtained by the manual method used routinely in our specialized laboratory. The instrumental results showed good precision (PT: between‐assay CV from 1.3 to 3.0, APTT: from 2.2 to 3.1), and high degree of correlation with the manual results (for PTr= 0.99, for APTTr= 0.95). There was also good correlation between the two methods (0.98–0.99) for factor assays (V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII). High output, reproducibility, comparability and flexibility make this instrument suitable for both clinical and research lab

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1985.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY