摘要:

SummaryEighty‐eight survivors of an aircraft accident on the Ml motorway were taken to three major hospitals, two of which were teaching hospitals, in the immediate vicinity. We describe the effects of this on the three blood transfusion and haematology laboratories concerned and on the regional transfusion centre, describe how the work was processed, and list the lessons learn

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryForty‐two patients with autoimmune haemolysis, whose red cells were sensitized with IgM, were studied in order to determine suitable techniques for investigating the form of erythrocyte‐bound IgM, particular emphasis being placed on identifying forms of low molecular weight. Four elution techniques were assessed for their efficiency in removing cell‐bound IgM; these were the heat elution, acid stromal, organic solvent and freeze‐thaw methods. Eluted IgM was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting; the heat elution method proved to be the best. Although oligomeric forms of IgM were found in 64% of patients' sera tested concurrently, only pentameric IgM was eluted; from this it was concluded that low molecular weight IgM was not causing haemolysis in any of the cases studied but that the methods would readily detect its p

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAnti‐Rho(D) immunoglobulin (anti‐D) contained more high molecular weight (HMW) IgG polymers than intravenous non‐specific immunoglobulin (i.v. Ig). The low‐dose anti‐D and high‐dose i.v. Ig regimens used to treat idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) therefore contained similar total amounts of HMW IgG.In vitro, the HMW IgG polymers were more effective competitive inhibitors of monocyte phagocyte Fc receptors than monomeric IgG. The IgG subclass composition of anti‐D and i.v. Ig were both similar to normal human plasma. We conclude that the HMW IgG content but not the IgG subclass composition of anti‐D may explain its low‐dose therapeuti

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a prospective study, serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels were analysed before and after 18 transfusional episodes, using a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Only patients with a stable CRP value for two consecutive days before transfusion were assessed. Although small rises in CRP concentrations occurred following 55.6% of transfusions, there was no statistically significant difference between pre‐ and post‐transfusion CRP values, and these increases also failed to reach clinical significance. An increase in CRP post‐transfusion of>100mg/l occurred on only one occasion, and was more likely to be due to underlying in

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA patient with moderate pancytopenia thought to be due to chloroquine ingestion was shown to have granulocyte progenitors (CFU‐G) which were abnormally sensitivein vitroto chloroquine. As he required further anti‐malarial prophylaxis, his marrow was prospectively testedin vitrowith proguanil and its metabolite cycloguanil. The patient's CFU‐G were also abnormally sensitive to these agents and predicted neutropenia was verified when the patient had a trial course of proguanil. We believe this is the first instance ofin vivoconfirmation ofin vitroCFU‐G drug sensit

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe blood of 107 patients undergoing venography for suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was tested for D‐Dimers using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and two latex agglutination techniques. D‐Dimer levels by EIA were raised in 88% of patients with proven DVT. However, levels detected with the two agglutination tests were much less sensitive, being raised in only 43% patients with DVT. A more sensitive rapid screening test is needed to provide a useful non‐invasive test for the exclusion o

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySerial measurements of plasma fibrinogen concentrations have been made in nine homozygous sickle cell disease (SCD) patients during vaso‐occlusive crisis. Fibrinogen was measured by the clot‐weight technique. Changes in fibrinogen concentration showed a typical pattern, rising sharply and significantly to a maximum on approximately the second day of the onset of pain crisis and after treatment was instituted. Because of the well‐defined and consistent response of this acute‐phase reactant protein, this study suggests that serial measurements of fibrinogen could be used as a sensitive parameter to monitor the progression of sickle cell pain

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPlatelet‐associated Ig (PAIg) is raised in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. However, it is also raised in conditions not traditionally considered to be immune mediated. The latter finding suggests that raised PAIg may be an epiphenomenon of thrombocytopenia. The assays currently available do not distinguish between PAIg present due to a specific Fab binding or present due to non‐specific binding of Ig via Fc or complement receptors. In this paper we show that by prior incubation with normal rabbit serum, an assay for PAIg can be made specific for Fab bind

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01110.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe prognostic value of cytological features was assessed in 132 patients withde novoacute myeloid leukaemia (AML) treated by anthracyclinecytosine‐arabinoside combination chemotherapy. Of these patients, 98 (75%) achieved complete remission (CR). A significantly lower CR rate was seen in patients with trilineage dysmyelopoiesis (TDMP) (P= 0.003), but not in patients with dyserythropoiesis and/or dysgranulopoiesis without abnormal megakaryocytes. Other unfavourable factors were age>50 years (P= 0.042), leucocyte count>100 × 109/l (P= 0.006), M5FAB subtype (P= 0.013), presence of complex cytogenetic rearrangement or abnormalities of chromosome 5 and/or 7 (P= 0.001). Bone marrow eosinophilia>3% was significantly associated with a higher CR rate (P= 0.04). In a multivariate analysis, a low CR rate was best predicted by the presence of a complex karyotype or abnormalities of chromosome 5 and/or 7 (P= 0.0001) and by the TDMP (P= 0.0036). Median actuarial disease‐free survival (DFS) was 24 months. Actuarial DFS was significantly shorter in patients with TDMP (P= 0.0001) and an elevated leucocyte count (P= 0.02). Age, FAB subtype and karyotype had no significant incidence on DFS. Presence of TDMP appears to be an important prognostic factor inde novoAML. This could be used as one of the guidelines to the

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPhenytoin sodium (5–50 μg/ml) caused a dose‐dependent prolongation of the doubling time of the human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line, HL60. This effect was unassociated with any alteration in cell viability. HL60 cells which were pre‐incubated with 15 μg/ml phenytoin sodium for 1 or 48 h and then incubated with the same concentration of the drug plus either3H‐methotrexate (3H‐MTX) or57Co‐cyanocobalamin for 90 min, showed an altered accumulation of both radioactive compounds when compared with control cells. Control cells were not pre‐incubated with the drug and were subsequently studied in the absence of the drug. Pre‐incubation with the drug for 1 h resulted in a 34% increase, and preincubation for 48 h in a 19% reduction in the accumulation of3H‐MTX. Preincubation for 1 or 48 h caused a 29% reduction in the accumulation of57Co‐cyanocobalamin. Cells cultured in the presence of 15 μg/ml phenytoin sodium for 48 h also gave a slightly increased deoxyuridine‐suppressed value; this abnormality was partially corrected by the addition of 50 μg/ml folinic acid to the test system but was unaffected by the addition of 1 μg/ml cyanocobalamin. The data indicate that the effects of phenytoin sodium on the proliferation of HL60 cells may have been slightly mediated via a reduced uptake of folate and possibly also of vitamin B12. They also suggest that one of the mechanisms underlying some of the undesirable effects of long‐term therapy with phenytoin may be a drug‐related impairment of both folate and vitamin B12uptake by certain cells, including

ISSN:0141-9854    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb01112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY