ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Correcting astigmatism at the time of cataract surgery can be accomplished either by incisional techniques, such as use of a cataract incision for flattening or astigmatic keratotomy, or by implanting a toric intraocular lens. Both methods can reduce mild to moderate astigmatism. For correcting larger amounts of astigmatism, a combination of techniques can produce greater correction. New methods of analyzing the change induced by surgery provide a more complete understanding of the astigmatic change.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Since Zaldivar's review of phakic intraocular lenses in these pages in 2000[1••], further reports of experience with this technology have emerged. Their relative advantages and disadvantages over competing technologies are becoming clearer. Clinical trials, including Food & Drug Administration (FDA) trials, have shown predictability, stability, and efficacy. Safety of these implants over the long term remains a concern, but in some situations, at least, phakic intraocular lenses are becoming the refractive correction of choice. This brief review looks at the most recent data to emerge regarding phakic intraocular lenses.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Postoperative endophthalmitis is a rare, albeit serious, complication of cataract surgery. Over the years, preoperative and operative measures, such as lid hygiene, appropriate surgical draping, and improved surgical technique, have all decreased the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis. Commonly used prophylactic measures include preoperative topical, intracameral, and postoperative topical antibiotics. Since the landmark study done by the endophthalmitis vitrectomy study group, treatment has usually consisted of intravitreal antibiotics with or without pars plana vitrectomy (depending on the patient population). In this review, we have focused on advances in the field of endophthalmitis within the last year. These include articles examining treatment and complications of diabetic patients and those with retinal detachments, bacterial adherence to lenses, prophylactic measures, and addition of steroids to conventional treatments of endophthalmitis.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Retinal disease and cataracts frequently are associated with one another. Cataract formation can occur following pars plana vitrectomy and pneumatic retinopexy. Conversely, cataract surgery may exacerbate existing retinal disease, such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and uveitis. Finally, cataract surgery can lead to retinal diseasede novo, such as cystoid macular edema. A review of the medical literature was performed for all articles published between August 1st, 2000 and July 31st, 2001 on the topic of cataract surgery in patients with retinal disease. The authors selected ten articles that were most relevant to the practicing ophthalmologist for inclusion in this review. Topics of interest included age related macular degeneration, retinal detachment, macular hole, diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, and cystoid macular edema.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Modern cataract surgery is constantly evolving and improving in terms of lens material and design. Researchers and physicians strive to obtain better refractive correction with smaller wound size and minimizing host cell response to limit the proliferation of lens epithelial cells leading to opacification of the lens capsule. Intraocular lens material varies in water content, refractive index, and tensile strength. Intraocular lens design has undergone revisions to prohibit lens epithelial cell migration and reflection of internal and external light. The evolution of intraocular lens and extracapsular cataract surgery has lead to faster postoperative recovery and better visual outcomes.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this article is to update information on the phacoemulsification equipment based on a systematic review of available literature within the past year. Phacoemulsification has gained acceptance as the standard technique for cataract surgery worldwide, and new phacoemulsification techniques and equipment have been reported. The authors conducted a MEDLINE literature search from August 2000 to the present. Software and hardware upgrades in ultrasound phacoemulsilification equipment have not been found in peer-reviewed publications this past year. Lasers for cataract surgery have been reviewed to a limited extent. Ultrasound phacoemulsilification is well established. Alternative methods of nuclear disassembly are being evaluated and reported.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The diagnosis and surgical management of cataracts in children has benefitted from improvements in microsurgical techniques. Intraocular lens placement has become standard in children 2 years of age and older. Initial experience with intraocular lens implantation in infants found a high rate of surgical complications. However, refinements in surgical techniques may lesson these complications. Posterior capsule opacification is a frequent postoperative problem after pediatric cataract surgery. Posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis with anterior vitrectomy is an effective means to prevent opacification of the visual axis in children.

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8738    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID