摘要:

AbstractTo meet the specialized needs of the growing population of individuals who have successfully completed their cancer treatment, a support program for cancer survivors was developed. The philosophy of the program reflects the belief that preparation and support for dealing with the challenges of cancer survivorship enhances quality of life. In keeping with this approach, the physical, psychological, insurance and employment issues experienced by many cancer survivors are addressed through educational, counseling and peer support services. Recommendations for implementing a post‐treatment program are also describe

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo investigate the role of psychosocial variables and psychological vulnerability on adjustment to cancer, a study was undertaken on 157 cancer patients. Assessment of adjustment to cancer (Mental Adjustment to Cancer‐MAC‐scale), social support (Social Support Index), external locus of control (ELC scale), psychiatric history and present mental status (DSM‐III‐ R) was carried out. The results indicated that the MAC dimension Fighting Spirit (FS) was related to low ELC and high social support, while an opposite association was shown for Helplessness (H) and Fatalism (F). According to MAC cut‐off scores, ‘cases’ reported higher ELC and lower social support than ‘non‐cases’. Patients with a lifetime history of emotional disorders, as well as a present DSM‐III‐R diagnosis, showed a style of mental maladjustment to cancer (low FS, high H, F and Anxious Preoccupation). The findings seem to confirm the utility of using the MAC in oncologic settings and the importance of prior psychological problems, present emotional disorders, external locus of control and inadequate interpersonal support in favouring less effective strategies

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCancer affects not only ill persons but also family members and close friends. An original study from which this report is derived used a longitudinal design to follow patients discharged from one of seven hospitals with one or more complex care problems requiring home care. A total of 233 patients with multiple solid tumors diagnoses and 103 care‐givers were included in the original study. Interviews were conducted at discharge and at three and six months post‐discharge. This report examined the responses of a subset of 34 subjects (17 patients and their care‐givers) for whom patient and care‐giver variables were complete on all three occasions. Findings indicate that these patients were being discharged from the hospital with acute care needs. By three and six months posthospitalization, patients' conditions stabilized or improved but their care‐givers continued to report similar levels of burden. Patient psychosocial responses were strongly correlated with care‐givers' financial impact, impact on schedule, and physical care‐giving responsibility at three and six months. Results highlight the importance of developing interventions that reduce family care‐givers' burden in providing post‐hospital nursing care for patients with complex

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA significant but non‐causal relationship between pre‐chemotherapy nervousness and development of anticipatory nausea (AN) in cancer patients is reported. A comprehensive psychosocial care program with the aim of improving the total situation of patients treated with chemotherapy (n= 119) was carried out in Uppsala during 1987–1989. Multiple quality‐of‐life (QL) recordings were employed for the project patients in all phases of treatment. A comparable pre‐project group, treated one month previously at the same wards, served as controls (n= 54). For this group, QL was recorded at a mean of 5 months after start of treatment. Pre‐chemotherapy nervousness at the first chemotherapy course was a highly significant predictor for AN after 5 months of treatment in the project patients, and was also significantly related to AN in the pre‐project group. All but two patients who developed AN had experienced post‐treatment nausea and vomiting (PN/V). There was also a significant interaction between pre‐project/project groups and severity of AN/PN after 5 months of treatment, indicating that project patients had developed less severe AN despite more severe PN compared to the pre‐project patients. The reduction of AN severity was, however, of marginal clinical importance, as indicated by non‐significant differences in reported AN in the two groups, when severity of PN was not considered. The most important means by which AN can be reduced is by eliminating post‐trea

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRepression is commonly assumed to be a major characteristic of the cancer‐prone personality. Main supporting evidence includes studies showing that cancer patients are low in emotional expression and that repressives have shorter survival. The evidence did not seem compelling, mainly because of contrary findings, overlooking the age factor and the assessment instruments. Thus, we examined whether repression is a response to the threat posed by the cancer diagnosis and whether cancer patients are more repressive, using a new assessment method combining anxiety and defensiveness scores and controlling age. The subjects were 98 women comprising three groups comparable in demographic characteristics: (a) breast biopsy showed they were healthy (n= 40), (b) biopsy showed they had breast cancer (n= 32), and (c) underwent surgery unrelated to cancer (n= 26). Only post‐surgery groups a and b knew the diagnosis. Questionnaires of information and repression were administered to all women pre‐ and post‐surgery. Before surgery, the groups did not differ in repression, anxiety and defensiveness. Post‐surgery, there were no differences in anxiety but MANOVA andX2analyses showed that, in the malignancy group, defensiveness and the number of repressors increased more than in the other groups. The results indicate that repression could be a response to the threat posed by the cancer diagnosis and a means for keeping anxiety at a tolerable level rather than a personality trait of cancer

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis is a prospective, randomized pilot trial of an educational intervention for newly‐diagnosed cancer patients under going radiotherapy. The trial was conducted in a relatively rural area in northwest Texas. Our hypothesis was that the intervention would reduce psychological distress. A group of 31 patients who were predicted by the Omega Screening Instrument to be at high risk for psychological distress were selected to be the subjects for this study. The patients were randomly assigned either to the intervention (n= 15) or to a control group (n= 16). The intervention was a series of three one‐hour individual sessions which gave information about radiotherapy and cancer, coping strategies, and communication skills. The sessions occurred during the second, third, and fourth weeks of each patient's radiotherapy. Psychological distress was measured with the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) at study entry, and one and three months later. We also used the Inventory of Current Concerns (ICC) to determine the specific areas of concern which were correlated with psychological distress. Knowledge gained was measured with a 15‐item multiple choice test which we developed from the factual material in the intervention and which we administered to both groups at entry, one month and three months. The intervention group's mean scores on the BSI Depression subscale fell over the three months on study, while those of the control group rose. The difference was statistically significant. However, the BSI scores overall were not different between the groups. Psychological distress in both groups was correlated most closely with Health, Existential, and Self‐Appraisal concerns on the ICC. Knowledge, as measured by the multiple choice test, did not increase in the intervention group, and there was no statistically significant difference between the scores of the intervention and control groups at any time. Since the BSI Depression scale has independent convergent validity with other measures of depression, we believe that the change in the intervention group's Depression scores could represent a meaningful effect. However, the lack of any measurable increase in knowledge suggests that any benefit of the educational intervention was probably non‐specific, resulting more from individual attention than from informati

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020111

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1057-9249    

DOI:10.1002/pon.2960020112

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY