摘要:

The proposed grand Canal project calls for the damming of James Bay and the diversion of its water southward. This first part of a two‐part study models some potential impacts on the climate, water balance, and growth patterns in the James Bay coastal zone. Use is made of a linear relationship of Bowen ratio and temperature, developed from studies of coastal wetlands in southern and northwestern James Bay and central Hudson Bay. It is hypothesized that changing James Bay into a fresh‐water lake and disrupting its coastal currents would result in a delayed Bay ice melt of unknown length in the spring. Allowing a delay to vary between 0 and 30 days results in the prediction of lesser evaporation and greater water surplus. These differences in magnitude increase with the length of delayed melt, but in all cases are most strongly evident during the peak of the growing season. Colder and wetter conditions would have a strong ecological impact on all coastal areas of western and southern James Bay. In the northwest this could change the species composition of coastal flora, cause forests to retreat from the coast, and result in the growth of permafrost th

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The damming of James Bay as proposed by the grand Canal Scheme will influence the hydrology of the coastal marshes. The salinity regime of two James Bay marshes were compared to understand the processes that govern salinity in the zone near mean high water (mhw) and to predict changes that may result from this proposed impoundment. Data suggest that sites along southern James Bay would be minimally affected because of the current low level of salinity. The northern marshes would, however, experience significant changes, as their primary source of salt is from saline tidewater. A simulation of the vertical salt and water fluxes at a northern location predicts a rapid reduction in the chloride concentration at mhw, which should approach the present values for southern James Bay in about 10 years. Above mhw, the salt will be leached quickly, so that within four years the surface chloride concentration will be reduced to the level currently found in southern James Bay.

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Before World War II, many immigrant workers in North America lived in industrial and residential suburbs. The early history of a residential suburbo of Toronto, Ontario, shows that, initially, homes were modest and public services were absent. Men worked long hours, commuted far and built the family home. Women strove hard to keep house and raise a family in unserviced homes. Children helped out, and played in the accessible bush. Self‐provisioning was common, and early opportunities to acquire homes and establish businesses were good. Community‐building created a strong neighbourhood identity. At first, settlers felt loyal to Britain, compared their experience with the situation back home, and concluded that Canada was ‘all right. The Depression brought working‐class loyalities to the fore and prompted many to become more critical of the Canadian status quo. This story raises questions about the nature of the immigrant working‐class experience in North American cities in the early twentiet

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01110.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article employs the concept of physical rigour to map and measure recreational routes and zones available to the public. The thirteen study areas represent settled rural districts in three major ecumene regions, plus national parks at the fringes of the ecumene. Following a qualitative appraisal of mapped patterns of access, statistical measures of access availability are computed for five levels of rigour, grading from passive through to arduous. There are clear regional variations in the amount of access available at each level, and in the weighted index of overall access availability. Data analysis suggests that intensity of land use is the major determinant of such variations. Other factors include amplitude of relief, the type of natural vegetation, and the form of land survey.

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01115.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01116.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-3658    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY