摘要:

General issues involved in disentangling historical, cohort, developmental and other factors in change are discussed, with special reference to the study of women in a changing world. The advantages and disadvantages of the two major methods of study—panel or longitudinal studies and cross‐sectional {or successive cross‐sectional) studies—are presented, along with the opportunities and problems associated with secondary analysis of data collected in previous studies. This introduction concludes with design and method notes about the other papers in thi

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent methodological criticisms of longitudinal studies employing a panel design suggest that greater care is needed in determining what can and cannot be studied best using that approach, and where other diachronic approaches may be as appropriate or more appropriate. In this paper a few of the key strengths and weaknesses of panel studies relative to one alternative approach—a sequence of cross‐sectional surveys on samples from the same population—are reviewed. That review suggests that the latter design holds considerable promise as a method for studying women and social change. In spite of this great potential, a number of possible pitfalls associated with the analysis of successive cross‐sectional surveys for that purpose are described and illustrated using examples from a recent twenty‐year replication study. Such potential problems include: (1) differences in sample design; (2) differences in response rates; (3) demographic shifts in the population; (4) problems in repeating flawed questions; (5) changes in question meanings and context; (6) problems of maintaining comparable codes; and (7) potential changes in response bias. In spite of these inherent difficulties, however, additional examples derived from the same study are used to demonstrate the great potential value of using survey replication for the examination of important research questions in the study of soci

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper explores the uses of a particular set of panel data, the National Longitudinal Surveys, to study women's issues. Women's labor force behaviors, role conceptions, and family statuses were measured at several time points. Various ways of examining the relationships among these variables are presented. The general utility of using panel data to study women's issues is also discussed.

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Methodological problems in follow‐up and replication studies and in using projective tests in research are discussed with particular reference to three fear‐of‐success studies: the original research by Horner in 1965, a replication in 1972, and a follow‐up of the original 1965 subjects carried out in 1974. The importance of each of the following is stressed: obtaining responses from the full original sample in follow‐up work; matching the settings in which projective tests are administered; establishing coder reliability between the data sets that are to be compared; and matching the stimulus value of the cue, which may not always mean using the

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Limitations of single‐cohort data sets are discussed, and their pitfalls are illustrated by means of a multiple‐cohort study of the cognitive ability of spatial orientation. The questions of gender differences in age changes and experimental attrition are further illustrated by examining a study of the questionnaire‐derived personality traits of social responsibility. Finally, implications are suggested for the internal and external validity of inferences drawn from analysis of the Ginzberg‐Yohalem d

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper attempts to illustrate the flexibility inherent in many currently archived survey data sets by suggesting how one particular data set—the Ginzberg‐Yohalem Survey of Educated Women—originally collected for a different purpose, might be analyzed to address some major themes of interest to social psychologists today, including: (1) person‐situation interaction; (2) attitudes and behavior; (3) attribution theory; (4) helping behavior; and (5) social motivation. After noting a few methodological problems that limit the use of these data, including establishing an appropriate “cohort‐defining event” and measurement interval (“causal lag”) and the problem of panel attrition, the potential relevance of these data to each of these social psychological issues is illustrated by describing both specific analyses that might be conducted using variables from this survey and a number of others that cannot be done due to particular featu

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human capital theory (Becker, 1964, 1965) is introduced and defined for the non‐economist. Two empirical studies that attempt to explain female life style choices using assumptions and hypotheses derived from human capital theory are discussed. Future research concerning the impact of investment in human capital on female earnings patterns is suggeste

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents a secondary analysis of selected work and family variables drawn from a longitudinal study of educated American women. In it, we attempt to separate the effects of normative social change, cohort‐specific change, and developmental or life cycle change. Comparisons within and across time indicate that some relations (for example, between marital status and number of children and labor force participation) may shift due to broad social change. Others (for example, the different relations between age at marriage and career activity) may reflect cohort changes. Finally, some relations (for example, between women's perceptions of their husband's attitude toward their careers and women's actual career achievement) may be best explained in terms of developmental change. These findings suggest that the relations between work and family variables for women are complex and are changing due to the singular and interactive effects of broad social changes, cohort‐specific changes, and processes of personal developm

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents a discussion of the special relevance of secondary analysis for the study of women and social change. Methodological problems associated with the use of existing data are summarized and some means of surmounting or taking account of those problems are suggested. The paper concludes with a discussion of the contributions that secondary analysis can make both to individual researchers and to the field of social science generally.

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00846.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4537    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb00847.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY