摘要:

ABSTRACTVia an historical‐cum‐ethnographic analysis of the history of chiefship in thevanua(country) of Sawaieke, central Fiji, this essay argues against the prevailing view that Fijian social relations are fundamentally hierarchical. Rather social relations in general and chiefship in particular are predicated on complementary and opposing concepts of equality and hierarchy, such that neither can become, in Dumont's terms, ‘an encompassing value’. This radical opposition between equality and hierarchy, Hegelian in form, is fundamental to Fijian dualism, so it pervades Fijian daily life and informs, for example, sexual relations, kinship, chiefship and notions of the person. ‘The household’ is the basic kinship unit and while relationswithinhouseholds are hierarchical, relationsacrosshouseholds are those of balanced reciprocal exchange, epitomised in the relation between cross‐cousins as equals and affines. The analysis shows that Fijian chiefship — past or present — cannot, as ‘value’, encompass the pervasive antithesis between hierarchy and equality. Rather its efficacy and its continuityrequirethat hierarchy and equality remain in tension with one another as opposing, and equally important, concept

ISSN:0029-8077    

DOI:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1994.tb02465.x

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe primary aim of this paper is to investigate the question why, particularly in the first half of this century, Australian academics were so supine when it came to public criticism of the treatment, conditions and welfare of Australian Aborigines. Its focus is Ralph Piddington and how he was treated by the Australian academic establishment for his public criticism of the treatment of Aborigines at La Grange Bay, North‐west Australia. It shows how the Executive Committee of the Australian National Research Council (ANRC), A.P. Elkin, Professor of Anthropology at Sydney University from 1933 to 1956 and chairman, from 1933 to 1955, of the Australian National Research Council's Committee for Anthropological Research, and A.O. Neville, Chief Protector of Aborigines in Western Australia, combined to silence and punish Piddington. The ANRC's criticisms of Piddington were fuelled, above all else, by their concern that his action would create a ‘very uncomfortable atmosphere regarding this Council and anthropological research generally.’5In contrast the Rockefeller Foundation which provided the funding for the ANRC research grants and fellowships took a more lenient view of Piddington's action. It believed from the evidence presented by the ANRC that Piddington had made satisfactory progress toward carrying out the program for which he was given his fellowship and did not believe the charges made against him should impede his fellowship s

ISSN:0029-8077    

DOI:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1994.tb02466.x

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe climate of any region is of interest to those who live there, impinging as it inevitably does on their lives. This paper explores the interest evinced in the weather by some Wola speakers, living in the Southern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea. It is an attempt at an ethno‐meteorology, a scarcely researched but creditable field of enquiry. It compares and contrasts observations of the climate and records of the weather with local people's comments and thoughts on these phenomena. The paper covers both daily weather patterns and annual seasons, with a detailed investigation of rainfall patterns, cloud cover, wind and pressure, and temperature and humidity variations. It concludes on the management of climatic perturbations, notably infrequent frost

ISSN:0029-8077    

DOI:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1994.tb02467.x

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Where are You/Spirits: Style and Theme in Berawan Prayer:ByPeter Metcalf(Smithsonian Series in Ethnographic Inquiry) Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. 1989. Pp. xvi + 345.

ISSN:0029-8077    

DOI:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1994.tb02468.x

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Of People and Plants: A Botanical Ethnography of Nokopo Village, Madang and Morobe Provinces, Papua New GuineaByChristin Kocher SchmidBasel: AG Verlag, 1991. (Basler Beiträge zur Ethnologie, Band 33.) Pp. 336

ISSN:0029-8077    

DOI:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1994.tb02469.x

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Politics of Language in AustraliaByU. OzolinsMelbourne: Cambridge University Press. 1993. Pp. 287. Price A$90.00 hardback, A$35.00 paperback.

ISSN:0029-8077    

DOI:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1994.tb02470.x

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Language Game: Papers in Memory of Donald C. Laycock. Edited byTom Dutton, Malcolm Ross and Darrell TryonCanberra: Pacific Linguistics (Series C, No. 10) 1992. Pp. 667. Price $85 hardback.

ISSN:0029-8077    

DOI:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1994.tb02471.x

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY