摘要:

Analyses from a random sample of 169 families established a dear relationship between schemata for marital and parent‐child communication. Hypotheses were derived by theoretically relating the Relational Dimensions Inventory and the Revised Family Communication Patterns instrument. In families headed by Traditional, Separate, and Separate/Traditional couples, all three family members saw the family interaction as high on conformity orientation. In families headed by Independent and Traditional couples, all three family members saw the family interaction as high on conversational orientation. In general, couple types dovetail with the various family types. For example, Traditional couples have Consensual family interaction patterns in that they value conformity and conversation. Families who share the same family communication schemata appear to agree on a number of other dimensions of family life. A new scale, Family Communication Environment, which may be used to tap into family communication schemata, is presente

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1994.tb00324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Do televised presidential debates affect audiences’perception of candidates’images more than their knowledge of candidates’issue positions? Existing communication theories offer two competing predictions, with one in favor of the effects on image perception and the other in favor of the effects on issue knowledge. Empirical studies have provided mixed evidence for both predictions. This article reports results of a new study of the effects of the first presidential debate in the 1992 election. Based on a review of various methodological weaknesses in previous studies, the current study used a between‐subjects design involving repeated measures of issue knowledge and image perception. Results show that the viewers learned a great deal about candidates’issue positions that were discussed in the debate, but no learning took place of issues that were not debated. The debate did not affect the viewers’perception of the two well‐known candidates'personalities but did improve the perception of the least well‐known candidate, Ross Perot, on several debate‐related p

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1994.tb00325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This research provides an examination of management and employee values as influential for organizational rule formation, that is, cultural theme formation. Specifically, the research demonstrates that management and employee values and management and employee perceptions of organizational rules are related over time and that the direction of that relationship can be specified. The findings indicate that management values are directly related to employee values but indirectly influence the evolution of organizational rules. Additionally, the findings support the interactional nature of management/employee relationships. Finally, this research provides evidence of rule emergence based on management and employee values and underscores the importance of communication‐receiving activities for knowledge of rule emergence and a variety of organizational and work satisfaction

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1994.tb00326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Increasingly, communication experiments are incorporating replication/actors for the purpose of controlling confounds and increasing generalizability. If replications are considered to be samples of possible treatment implementations, treating the replication factor as random is more appropriate than treating it as fixed. Study 1 shows that treating sampled replications as a fixed effect leads to potentially serious alpha inflation in the test of the treatment effect while treating sampled replications as random controls alpha at its nominal level. Study 2 addresses a common objection to treating replications as random: the argument that to do so will lead to unacceptably low power in statistical testing. Although experiments with very few replications are likely to be deficient in power, the results of Study 2 establish that power can be improved to an unexpected degree by a relatively modest increase in the number of replications.

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1994.tb00327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined effects of message and program sensation value, sensation seeking, and drug use on visual attention to televised anti‐drug public service announcements (PSAs) among 318 18–22‐year‐olds, who were placed individually in a simulated home environment with the opportunity to read from print media selections and/or watch a half‐hour TV program including two presentations of the test PSA. The TV program was high or low in sensation value. High sensation seekers paid greater attention to high sensation value programming and to PSA embedded in such programming, whereas low sensation seekers paid greater attention to PSA embedded in low sensation value programs. Ongoing attention to a program may help to sustain attention to a subsequent PSA. The findings relate to an activation model of information exposure and indicate that program sensation value and sensation seeking are important factors to be considered in the placement oftelevised drug abuse prevention

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1994.tb00328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors previously reported the results of an investigation into the potential of inoculation to promote resistance to smoking onset in young adolescents. Inoculation videos were administered to 1,047 adolescents in a midwestern city. Results for the first year indicated that inoculation promotes resistance to smoking initiation but only among adolescents of low self‐esteem. This report follows up the first‐year results in an effort to assess the permanence of the initial effects. The results during the second year revealed main effects for inoculation on attitudes, suggesting modest persistence for the initial pretreatments, and a weak interaction effect in the fall, which dissipated by spring. In addition, the pattern of results suggests that if resistance approaches are to have a chance of success in smoking prevention they must target young adolescents at the point of transition from primary (elementary) to secondary (middle or junior high) school. Beyond this pivotal juncture, adolescents’attitudes opposing smoking quickly deteriorate, therefore rendering the resistance paradigm inapprop

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1994.tb00329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0360-3989    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1994.tb00330.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY