摘要:

This paper describes a questionnaire measure of self‐reported failures in perception, memory, and motor function. Responses to all questions tend to be positively correlated, and the whole questionnaire correlates with other recent measures of self‐reported deficit in memory, absent‐mindedness, or slips of action. The questionnaire is however only weakly correlated with indices of social desirability set or of neuroticism. It is significantly correlated with ratings of the respondent by his or her spouse, and accordingly does have some external significance rather than purely private opinion of the self. The score is reasonably stable over long periods, to about the same extent as traditional measures of trait rather than state. Furthermore, it has not thus far been found to change in persons exposed to life‐stresses. However, it does frequently correlate with the number of current psychiatric symptoms reported by the same person on the MHQ; and in one study it has been found that CFQ predicts subsequent MHQ in persons who work at a stressful job in the interval. It does not do so in those who work in a less stressful environment. The most plausible view is that cognitive failure makes a person vulnerable to showing bad effects of stress, rather than itself resulting from

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01421.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to assess the factors which influence the occurrence of social anxiety, 45 subjects (25 male and 20 female) were divided into high, moderate and low social anxiety groups on the basis of a self‐report inventory. Their performance in a series of simulated social interactions was assessed on self‐report measures of anxiety and social skill, cognitive self‐statements and judge ratings of overt behaviours. Results obtained indicated differences across the anxiety groups on each of these sets of variables. This was interpreted as being consistent with a view that both cognitive and behavioural variables influence social an

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01422.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The literature concerning psychosocial aspects of induced abortion is reviewed. Key areas discussed are: the legal context of abortion in Britain, psychological characteristics of abortion‐seekers, pre‐ and post‐abortion contraceptive use, pre‐ and post‐abortion counselling, the actual abortion and the effects of termination versus refused abortion. Women seeking termination are found to demonstrate more psychological disturbance than other women, however this is probably temporary and related to the short‐term stresses of abortion. Inadequate contraception is frequent prior to abortion but improves afterwards. Few women find the decision to terminate easy and most welcome opportunities for non‐judgemental counselling. Although some women experience adverse psychological sequelae after abortion the great majority do not. In contrast, refused abortion often results in psychological distress for the mother and an impoverished environment for the ensu

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01423.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Data are reported on 160 children aged 6 to 12 years which allow scores on reading (Neale), spelling (Vernon) and mathematics (Vernon) to be predicted from WISC‐R full scale IQ and chronological ag

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01424.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four major areas of research: the early detection of Alzheimer's disease; the psychological side‐effects of anticholinergic drugs; the significance of late onset depression; and the relationship between physical activity, ageing and cognitive status, are discussed with reference to the problem of improving the quality of life in the aged. The four areas of research are unified by discussing two aspects of information processing: speed of performance and memory. The significance of and need for the assessment of cognitive status in the elderly are also discussed, as well as the notion that tests for the elderly should fit into their ecolog

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01425.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Kendrick's paper usefully draws attention to practical goals for gerontologists. However, both his optimism for psychometric techniques and his pessimism about techniques used in human experimental psychology are unnecessary.

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01426.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The criticisms made by Rabbitt (1982) concerning psychometrics and neurological models are considered. It is proposed that Kendrick uses afunctionalmodel rather than a neurological one.

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This investigation sought data concerning sex differences in the worry patterns of children. The sample comprised 182 comprehensive school pupils, 91 boys and 91 girls, between the ages of 12 years 1 month and 13 years 7 months. The Simon‐Ward Worry Survey (1976) was administered in order to ascertain the frequency and intensity of worry experienced in the following areas; family, school, economic, social, personal adequacy, health, imagination and animals. Both in the frequency and intensity of worry girls scored higher than boys in the areas of family, social and imagination, but no significant differences occurred for personal adequacy, health, animal or economic factors. For both sexes the category order, from highest to lowest, was the same — family, social, school, imagination, personal adequacy, health, economic and anim

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty stutterers were treated in an intensive behavioural therapy programme in which speech and behavioural skills are taught. Treatment was shown to be effective in the long term in eliminating most stuttering behaviour. The effect of therapy on the stutterer's long‐term perceptions of self‐control was investigated. Those clients who attributed positive treatment effects to their own efforts or control also maintained their improvement in the behaviours acquired during therapy. Further planned research is needed to clarify whether attributions of self‐control contribute to the client's ability to maintain therapy s

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports a new method for identifying a set of constructs which can be applied to intra‐family relationships by members of different families. Two written versions of a story about an imaginary family were prepared in which relationship‐describing words were missing. Missing words were supplied by 54 subjects with each version. Ten positive and 10 negative constructs were used sufficiently frequently to be considered meaningful to members of different families. The missing words technique may also aid the elicitation of constructs for individual gr

ISSN:0144-6657    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY