摘要:

ABSTRACTAudiometric findings and histories were reviewed for 150 patients diagnosed by polytomography as probable cochlear otosclerosis cases. Most patients were under 65 and had a relatively short duration of hearing impairment. Most had a mild to moderate loss with excellent speech discrimination. Seventy-five percent of the ears had acoustic reflex findings indicative of minimal stapes fixation. We recommend the acoustic reflex test for identification of patients with probable cochlear otosclerosis.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTEustachian tube function, as measured by the pressure equalizing technique, and the mastoid air cell area were compared among ears with traumatic eardrum perforations, ears with chronic otitis media, and cholesteatomatous ears. A statistically significant difference among the three groups was found regarding the residual positive pressure after swallowing, with the poorest function found in the cholesteatoma group. Also, the ability to reduce a negative pressure was found to be inferior in the cholesteatoma group compared with the others. The mean mastoid air cell area measured on the x-ray film was smallest among ears with cholesteatoma and differed significantly among the groups.These disturbances in the active eustachian tube function as well as the volume of the middle ear cleft, including the mastoid air cell system, were found to be characteristic among ears with acquired cholesteatomas.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe underlying mechanism responsible for bone resorption in chronic otitis media with or without cholesteatoma is not sufficiently well documented. Certain areas in the middle ear are affected more often than others. The most frequent site of bony erosion in the ossicular chain is the long process of the incus.The mineral content of the ossicular chain was investigated with a clinical radiologic technique (polytomography). The findings were correlated with chemical measurements of the mineral content in normal and diseased ossicles. A poor correlation between the radiologic findings and the chemical assessment was found. The mineral content of ossicles obtained from ears with chronic otitis was similar to that of specimens obtained from healthy middle ears. The findings indicate that the demineralization process seems to be localized to a narrow zone of the ossicle and that this zone cannot be adequately visualized by standard radiologic techniques.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTThirty patients with Crouzon's disease were evaluated longitudinally for type, incidence, and progression of otopathologic changes. The spectrum of otopathologic manifestations included otitis media with effusion, tympanic membrane atelectasis, tympanic membrane perforation, cholesteatoma, and grade I microtia. The frequency of ear disease progressed from 37% during infancy to 62% in older patients. The degree and type of hearing loss were also analyzed.Radiographic cephalometric measurements of the nasopharynx and temporal bone illustrated growth disturbances of the nasopharyngeal dimensions that worsened with increasing age. Our findings suggest that patients with Crouzon's disease are at risk from birth for otitis media with effusion and its sequelae and that the consequent incidence and severity of otopathologic changes increase with age.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTPreservation and usefulness of human gross temporal bones that have been dissected ordrilled have always been a problem. This article describes application of the technique of plastination developed by von Hagens to the temporal bone. The use of this technique permits development of a collection of both anatomically dissected and surgically drilled temporal bones which can be studied by the otolaryngologist at any level. The procedure involves impregnation of the specimen with uncured polymers–a silicone rubber of medium viscosity followed by curing in a vapor bath. The advantages of this technique are that the plastinated temporal bone can be studied and handled without any unpleasant odor and there is no need for liquid preservation. The potential problem of the specimen drying out and becoming useless is thus avoided.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTA technique of intracranial facial nerve anastomosis using fenestrated collagen splints was used in eight patients operated upon for acoustic neuroma or glomus temporale tumor. This technique is rapid and simpler than suturing in the cerebellopontine angle. Clinical results are as good as or even better than those obtained with more peripheral facial nerve anastomosis or grafting. An animal study demonstrated no undue histologic reaction to the collagen splints.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTUsing a servocontrolled micropipet pressure measuring system, the effect of intravenous and oral administration of isosorbide, a hyperosmolar agent that is an anhydrate of sorbitol, was examined in 11 fasting cats. Following intravenous administration of 2 g/kg of the agent, perilymphatic pressure has shown, on the average, a significant reduction of 136% of the initial value (3.6 ± 0.3 mm Hg). A strong rebound phenomenon, however, with a 61% rise to the initial value, was noted, and this did not come down in 3 hours. On the contrary, no rebound phenomenon was noted after oral administration, which caused a significant 60% drop in perilymphatic pressure for more than 90 minutes. Using polarographic technique, perilymphatic oxygen tension was measured and showed a maximal increase of 145% to the initial value. The time it took to reach the maximal Po2tension was equal to the time it took to come down to the minimal perilymphatic pressure. This is a strong indication that isosorbide improves perfusion and increases blood flow of the inner ear vessels.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTBilateral acoustic tumors are one of the most difficult problems in acoustic tumor surgery. Total tumor removal with preservation of hearing has seldom been achieved in the past. Recently, hearing has been successfully preserved if the tumors are small when removed. We present the case of a child with a family history of von Recklinghausen's disease associated with bilateral acoustic tumors. A high index of suspicion of bilateral tumors and a thorough work-up resulted in the early diagnosis of small tumors. The tumors were removed with preservation of normal hearing.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ABSTRACTA series of six cases of tuberculous otitis media is reviewed. All patients had a history of chronic otorrhea and were operated on with a presumptive diagnosis of chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. Postoperatively the diagnosis of tuberculosis was established by histologic examination of the granulation tissue from the middle ear and mastoid. We believe that any patient with a long history of discharging ears needs histologic examination, as tuberculous otitis might be the cause of infection. We report our findings in these patients and discuss the possibility of penetration of tuberculous mycobacteria into the ear and mastoid. In our opinion, the tuberculosis is secondary to established ear infection.

ISSN:0192-9763    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID