摘要:

147 persons have been tested 3 times (1965–1970) within the ‘Bonn Gerontological Longitudinal Study’ with the ‘Hamburg-Wechsler-Intelligenz-Test für Erwach-sene’ (HAWIE). The results of this study indicate the relatively unimportant role of the chronological age variable, when other determinants (as social criteria – education, profession, sex- and health condition) are statistically controlled. The second task of the study reported here was the comparison of intellectual pattern by means of factor analysis. Factor analyses yielded two factors in each of the three measurement years for both the age groups of the 7th and 8th decade. Re-analyses of about 25 correlational matrices from literature brought identical factors: ‘verbal comprehension’ and ‘perceptual organization’. Conclusion: in all former studies, methodological discrepancies rather than real age differences indicated by less factors with increasing age led to some well-known hypotheses and theories about intellectual de-differe

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211979

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Male Wistar rats, 1.8 and 7.5 months old, were adapted to exercise on the treadmill for a period of 7 weeks. The animals were trained 3 h daily at the treadmill speed of 24 m/min. Wet and dry weights and collagenous hydroxyl-proline content in the lung, heart, and femur were analyzed. Physical stress did not affect any of the parameters studied in the lung. Cardiomegaly developed only in the young rats exposed to training. There was significantly higher total amount and density of collagen in the hyper-trophic heart. In contrast to the reactivity of the heart to physical stress, the amount and density of collagen in the femora was significantly increased only in the adult rats. There was no effect on the content of calcium in the bone. The calcium-collagen ratio was, therefore, significantly lower in the trained rats. It is concluded that collagen in every organ reacts differently to physical stress in relation to age.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211980

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Chlorpromazine, chlorpheniramine, chloroquine, dimethylaminoethyl p-chlorophenoxyacetate, aspirin and acet-aminophen were individually administered at one or more dosage levels, to groups of female C57BL/6J mice from an average age of 10 months to the end of life. Each of the drugs are known or suspected stabilizers of cellular membranes. Except for two cases of apparently toxic effects, differences in life span between drug-treated animals and control animals were not significant at the p < 0.05 level. Dimethylaminoethyl p-chlorophenoxyacetate, which had previously extended the life span of male Swiss Webster albino mice by 27.3% of the period of administration (p = 0.039), produced a modest and not quite significant 5.9% extension (p = 0.077). Weight changes were negligible up to 19 months of age, but several of the drug-treated groups averaged somewhat lighter in weight than control mice by 25 months of age.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211981

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Changes occurring in lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae of aging dwarf mice (dwdw) were compared with those found in non-dwarfs of the same strain (Dwdw or DwDw) and of strain C57B1. Dwarf vertebrae, besides remaining smaller, develop less completely and more slowly than those of non-dwarfs. Retarded development is indicated by the presence of non-resorbed epiphyseal cartilage, by diminished removal of cancellous bone from the vertebral bodies and possibly also by the failure of osseous replacement of the cartilaginous end-plates. The slowing of the aging process manifests itself in decreased degeneration of the growth zones, delayed loss of mucopolysaccharide from the matrix of the articular cartilage and by an attenuated tendency to develop spondylosis.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211982

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Wild type Drosophila melanogaster were exposed to 0, 33, 66 and 93 kr of 60Co y-irradiation at 9,000 r/min. The life span of the flies was reduced following the radiation, and the males were more radiosensitive than the females. A theory of aging and radiation-induced life span shortening was suggested.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211983

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The morphological aspects of ageing and growth capacity were studied in 100 lines of human liver cells. Under the culture conditions employed, liver cells appear to have a limited replicative life span. The morphological effects of ageing were similar to those described in the tissue culture of other organs. Studies on growth potential showed that there was a negative correlation between age of the donor tissue and age of the culture at the last passage, maximum number of doublings, number of doublings in phase II, and age of the culture at the end of phase II. The growth indices were different for epithelial-like and fibroblast-like cells.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211984

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Variations of the karyogram in aging livers depend, like those after necrotising liver lesions, on alterations of the perceeding mitoses. Two main forms are discernable: slight functional alterations of the achromatic apparatus and severe disturbances of its formation. The former manifest in impairment of telophasic cytokinesis, in anaphasic stickiness or metaphasic chromosomal aberration, respectively. Mainly they lead to double nuclei, occasionally to so-called pseudoamitoses. Alterations in spindle-formation occur in prophasis, monopolar mitosis, acentrical chromosomal scattering and mitotic collapse being the essential types. They give rise to large polyploid nuclei, possibly containing inclusions, or to irregular configurated commonly lateron confluencing karyomerites. Apart from these types mitoses of polyploid and double nucleated cells sometines develop multipolar or tripolar spindle figures, the causal genesis of which is discussed. Otherwise they can result in bipolar or monopolar giant achromatic apparatus. Consequences of their restitution are karyomerites of variable sizes, uniform large polyploid nuclei or – rarely- three or four identical nuclei within one single cell. Possible causes of the respective disturbances of the achromatic apparatus and their way leading to the various nuclear types will be explained and demonstrated as general phenomenons occuring in organs other than the liver to

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211985

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A review of the arguments in favor of the so-called immunologic theory of aging is presented. Recent evidence, showing that arteriosclerosis, one of the main aging diseases, also has important immunological or autoimmunological factors, is in favor of this theory. It can be shown that in several aspects, this theory can be reduced to a ‘differenciation theory’ of the aging process. The macromolecules of the intercellular matrx – collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and especially strctural glycoproteins – may play an important role in this process and may often become the targets of autosensitization phenomena related to loss of self-discriminating capacity in the aging immunocompetent system. There may be a link here between the autoimmune diseases of connective tissue and the immunological mechanisms o

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211986

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211987

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000211988

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger