ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212166

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

With the objective of studying a possible correlation between chronic cardiovascular disturbances and hearing loss in aged people, two groups were compared. The first was composed of apparently healthy subjects and the second, of subjects suffering from clinically evident chronic cardiovascular pathology. All the subjects were submitted to a pure tone audiometry, discrimination test, SISI test and TDT. The results showed a significant difference in pure tone threshold audiometry between the apparently healthy subjects and those presenting cardiovascular symptoms; the discrimination and the TDT were comparable in the two groups.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212167

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Patients over 65 years of age admitted to an ophthalmic ward were routinely screened in a standard way practiced in Geriatric Assessment Units. The previous drug therapy of all patients was particularly noted. A classification of the patients with undetected pathology was made and an attempt to categorise the percentage of those who required follow-up in the geriatric department and those who purely needed clinical information passed on to their family doctor, apart from the remainder who needed no medical advice. We postulate that this clinical assessment and subsequent treatment was of practical benefit to a large number of patients and therefore an attempt should be made to introduce this type of service more widely.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212168

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A brief description is given of the main clinical, histological and epidemiological circumstances of retinal vein occlusion. In an assessment of the pathogeneis of the condition, primacy is given to the role of arteriolar flow insufficiency and stress is laid on the long-standing capillaropathy which precedes the heamorrhagic phase of the disease. Basic therapeutic considerations are mentioned but stress is laid on the diagnosis of the pre-occlusive stage and on measures of a preventive nature that may be taken. Retinal vein occlusion and haemorrhagic cerebral infarct are compared with regard to their pathogenesis and the adventages are discussed of a common ophthalmoscopic study of retinal vein occlusion with neurologists interested in cerebral vascular disease leading to an interchange of therapeutic experience in both conditions. Finally, there are detailed the studies in retinal vein occlusion being conducted by the Jerusalem Institute for the Prevention of Blindness. These are studies of incidence, natural history and of pathogenesis as observed in the experimental disease produced in rhesus monkey.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212169

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Hospital admissions of diabetic patients were analyzed in relation to total hospital admissions, during a period of 7 years in a general hospital. The prevalence of hospitalization of diabetic patients was 2.5%. The female to male ratio was 1.4:1.0. Admissions of diabetic patients to hospital are mainly in the older age groups. By the age of 40 years, 73.4% of the total hospitalizations occur but only 13.0% of these hospital admissions are diabetics. The age at time of death of admissions ending fatally is similar in both the total and the diabetic admission groups to hospital. When the percentages of hospital admissions which terminated in death are calculated for age groups, an increase is specifically demonstrated in the diabetic group compared to the total admission group. Thus, diabetes is a complicating factor which increases mortality in people over 50 years of age.

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212170

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The intestinal absorption of 47Ca was studied in elderly patients. A standard dose of 10 μCi of 47Ca was given orally. The radioactivity was measured in the plasma, and expressed as percentage of the administered dose per litre plasma. As a control group served 12 patients aged 60–80 years, hospitalized for observation for various reasons, receiving no medical treatment and not suffering from any known metabolic bone diseases or other metabolic pathological conditions. Results of kinetic curves demonstrate in elderly patients a decreased absorption with maximum specific activity in plasma reached at 120 min, when compared to data from the literature referring to a group of young people with a mean age of 35 years. Oestrogen treatment, given as ethinyl oestradiol 10 μg once daily per os for 10 days proved to increase 47Ca absorption as was demonstrated in 2 patients with osteoporosis. The effect of calcitonin (160 MRC units given 45 min before the test) on calcium absorption, in 5 patients with Paget’s disease or osteoporosis appears as bi-phasic: in the first hour depressing calcium absorption and then in the second and third hours increasing the absorption, suggesting a hyperparathyroid state secondary to the calcitonin effect. The vitamin D2 treatment proved to increase calcium absor

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212171

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An inquiry was made into the physical and behavioural problems presented by patients admitted to hospital because of dementia. 81 patients were studied over a period of 3 years, and a comparison was made between the 38 with idiopathic (Alzheimer’s) dementia, and the others, most of whom suffered from focal cerebral arteriosclerosis or Parkinson’s disease with dementia. The average age was between 70 and 80 years, and the hospital stay averaged 18–28 months. Nursing difficulties ranged from immobility of the patients on the one hand to wandering on the other, especially in the Alzheimer’s group. Behaviour disturbances, shouting, incontinence and degenerate habits were found in a high proportion, and the incidence of fractures reached 15%. Vascular incidents as complications or causes of death were relatively uncommon; in those who died, the cause was usually infection. The mainstays of treatment were tranquillising drugs, used only when necessary, and in minimal quantities, simple occupational activity, and an awareness by the staff of the high morbidity to which these patients wer

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212172

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The indications for intensive care are discussed on the basis of new statistics assembled by the Swiss Gerontological Society. From the analysis of all admissions to 40 intensive care units (ICU) in Switzerland in 1973, it follows that one third are in the age group 65 + and 11% are 75 + years of age. Nearly 50% of these older patients in ICU had circulatory diseases, compared to 30% in the general population. The ICU of 3 clinics in Nuremberg admitted 38.5% patients over 60 and 18% over 70years. The 4 main diseases were: myocardial infarction, dysrhythmia, cor pulmonale, and pulmonary embolism. Of 860 patients admitted to the ICU in Berne, 40% were over 64 years, and 17% over 73 years. These were followed for 6 months following discharge, with good results in 64%. It is concluded that old age is no contraindication to intensive care. Diagnosis and therapeutic possibilities, not calendar age, are the basic indication for intensive care. Contraindication is present in cases where after several days in the ICU no satisfactory life can be expected to follow. In acute intoxication only 9–12 % were older than 60 years; hereintensive care is always indicate

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212173

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Neuropathological studies of Huntington’s disease reveal neuronal atrophy, lipofuscin accumulation and other findings characteristic of the aged brain, although the onset of disease is only the fourth decade. The pathology is limited to specific areas such as the caudate nucleus, cerebral cortex and hypothalamus. 14 patients with documented Huntington’s disease (mean age of 44.4 years with a range of 27–79 years) were studied by oral glucose tolerance tests (GTT) and intravenous arginine tolerance tests performed under standardized metabolic conditions. Seven of the 14 patients had impaired carbohydrate tolerance. Mean plasma glucose level at 2 h was 90.4 ± 6.2 mg/l00 ml in the patients with a normal GTT and 148.1 ± 8.9 mg/l00 ml in the patients with a diabetic type GTT. Mean peak insulin level in the nondiabetic group occurred at 1/2 h and was 60.2 ± 10.1 μ U/ml, but in the diabetic group the peak insulin level occurred at 2h and was 155.9 ± 33.8 μU/ ml. There was failure of suppression of growth hormone during the GTT, with a rise to abnormally high levels at 5 h (18.6 ± 5.6 ng/ml). Arginine infusion resulted in normal glucose and insulin rise in the nondiabetic patients with Huntington’s disease. However, arginine infusion provoked an elevated insulin response in those with a diabetic GTT, and an exaggerated growth hormone response in the majority of the patients. It is uncertain whether these observations are related to abnormal cerebral aging per se, direct hypothalamic neuronal degeneration, or perhaps a relative imbalance of intracerebral neurotransmitters incl

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212174

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Malignant disease of the female reproductive organs accounts for over 11,000 deaths annually in the United States in patients over 65 years of age. Hormonal treatment is being used in some cases in conjunction with more conventional methods of treatment. Synthetic progesterone is used in the palliation of patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. A significant increase in the incidence of ovarian cortical stromal hyperplasia, obesity, diabetes and hypertension is found in these patients. For treatment of carcinoma of the ovary, a massive dose of an experimental progesterone agent, dimethylprogesterone (NSC-123018) is being tested in a group study. The treatment is used only for patients for whom conventional therapy has been unsuccessful. Although a few patients have shown remission, it is too early for conclusive results. Patients with advanced breast cancer and estradiol receptors in their tissue may show a favorable clinical response to hormonal therapy in 40–60% of cases. Patients lacking estrogen receptors have only a minimal chance of responding to hormonal therap

ISSN:0304-324X    

DOI:10.1159/000212175

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger