ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00001

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSaddle nose deformity is characterized by an abnormally concave dorsum with an apparent upward tilting of the nasal tip; the osseous or the cartilaginous vault or both regions may be affected. Over the years, the etiology has changed: formerly syphilis was a major cause of destruction of the nasal supporting structures; today, mechanical and surgical trauma to the nose, fractures, septal hematoma, and racial features are the primary causes of saddle nose deformity; the incidence is increasing as fractures from high‐speed automobile accidents increase, and as Orientals and Negroes seek elective nasal plastic procedures. Prevention involves early treatment of nasal injuries in childhood, which affects the growth centers in the nose; treatment of hematoma that may follow injury at any age; avoidance of excessive hump removal during rhinoplastic operations. Treatment of saddle nose deformity, either for physiologic and/or for cosmetic reasons, is augmentation rhinoplasty. Filler materials range from human living or cadaveric tissue — autografts or homografts of bone or cartilage —, heterografts — animal cartilage or processed bone; and inorganic implant materials — metals, synthetic alloplastics. A brief review of the materials and their use during the years gives evidence that the “ideal” material is still to be found. The author's experience with the alloplastic, polyamide mesh, in 30 patients within the last two years has led to initial satisfactory results in 27 patients and subsequently satisfactory results in two patients; one patient awaits a reimplantation. In the three patients who had initial failures there was underlying infection. In all 30 patients the polyamide mesh was well tolerated by the human host; there were no foreign body reactions, no rejections. It was found that the host tissues actually invaded the implant, giving it stability and incorporating it into the host tissues. No implant became displaced. The polyamide mesh has approximately the same flexibility as the host tissues, and the naturally semimobile part of the nose can be readily moved around, providing a repair that approaches the normal nose. The cosmetic effects are entirely satisfactory, and the author believes that polyamide mesh is a valuable adjunct to augmentation rhinoplasty and expects to continue to use it for correction of saddle nose deformity and also to document the results over a long postoperative period. All augmentation materials have advantages and disadvantages; these are summariz

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00002

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTreatment failure in hyposensitization therapy for allergy is frequently associated with lack of utilizable thyroid hormone in the periphery at the cell level. Basic biochemical principles and endocrinological aspects of the problem relate to the enzymatic mechanism of allergy and atopy (Godlowski). Enzymatic protein synthesis and breakdown in the mitochondria within the cells requires energy supplied by the APT/ADP cycle. In turn, energy from metabolically active thyroid hormone (T3) is necessary as a driving force for the preceding. If T3is lacking in the process, faulty, inefficient, toxic enzymes result, which cannot completely break down ragweed or other entering antigens to symptomless metabolites. Toxic allergy symptoms result in the patient.Diagnosis and application of corrective measures in clinical allergy cases as well as treatment precautions will be detailed in representative case reports.

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00003

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractComplete return of laryngeal function, as evidenced by normal excursion of the vocal folds during respiration and phonation, seldom follows division and repair of the laryngeal nerves. In order to investigate this phenomenon further the recurrent laryngeal nerve was sectioned and repaired in five dogs. Some functions of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles in these dogs were observed at intervals following repair of the nerve and compared to other dogs in which the nerve had been crushed or subjected to sustained pressure.Results obtained utilizing a high speed movie camera, electromyographic, and evoked electromyographic techniques, suggest that the reinnervated intrinsic laryngeal muscles showed impaired function when compared with normal muscles. The mechanisms possibly active in causing this reduction of function are discussed.

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00004

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study of reflex movements of the vocal cords induced by electrical stimulation of the mucous membrane of the larynx or by stimulating the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (evoked EMG) in normal dogs was done. The internal branch was sectioned subsequently, and the progress of regeneration was studied over a period of months by the same techniques.Return of reflex movement to the vocal cords and soft palate indicated that the nerve was completely regenerated between 60 and 75 days, and reinnervation of the mucous membrane was accomplished by 79 days. The evoked EMG induced by stimulation of the nerve showed abnormal threshold and wave form. Secretion of the laryngeal mucous membrane glands never returned during stimulation. These observations are discussed in relation to surgery of this area.

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00005

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the series of our studies on antilymphocyte serum (ALS) as an immunosuppressive agent in transplantation of the canine larynx, the use of ALS in thymectomized dogs was attempted for the purpose of increasing the immunosuppressive effects of ALS.Immunoglobulin G (IgG) was purified by DEAE‐cellulose batch production method from the high titer horse anti‐dog thymocyte plasma (ATP) and low titer ATP, respectively. A skin allograft assay was used to measure the immunosuppressive activity.Adult thymectomy previous to administration of the high titer‐IgG and low titer‐IgG, respectively, did not augment the immunosuppressive effect of these AT

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00006

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 44‐year‐old retired naval airman with recurrent basal cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal underwent a partial temporal bone resection with preservation of the facial nerve and reconstruction of his hearing mechanism. The morbidity associated with radical temporal bone resection was avoided. Useful hearing was obtained by myringostapediopexy with staged split thickness skin grafting. The patient's postoperative appearance is enhanced by wearing of a prosthe

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00007

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFrom 1960 through 1968, we examined 117 patients with carcinoma of the tonsil. Of these 117 patients a choice of the primary treatment modality existed for 96 patients, and 68 percent had surgery as their initial treatment. The absolute five‐year survival for all patients undergoing surgical procedures designed to cure was 48 percent. Tonsillar cancers are neither anaplastic nor markedly radiosensitive. The incidence of local recurrence in seven published series in which the primary tonsillar cancer was treated with radiation averaged 49 percent. We believe that the local recurrence rate of 19 percent in our surgical series reflects our dependence on frozen tissue examination and suggests that surgery offers a good chance of eradicating operable tonsillar carcinom

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00008

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo pairs of glomic bodies (“paraganglia”) occur in the larynx as originally described by German authors. They were independently found in 18 of 25 serially sectioned adult larynges.The superior laryngeal glomus is situated in the supraglottic larynx in the adult and neonate. The inferior laryngeal glomus is positionally more variable, usually occurring between the cricoid cartilage and the first tracheal ring in the adult and may extend to the thyroid gland.Three neonatal larynges were also examined for comparison. The glomera show no developmental enlargement and appear histologically identical. No glomic tissue was found in neonatal tracheas.Reports of laryngeal paraganglionic tumors or chemodectomas are reviewed and show anatomic correlation with the naturally occurring bod

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00009

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe treatment of obstructed nose due to removable lesions such as adenoidal hypertrophy, nasal polyps, tumors or deviation of the septum is surgical. In the non‐surgical obstructed nose the establishment of the proper diagnosis in order to institute proper therapy is obvious. The allergic nose is treatable in most instances with antihistamines, decongestants, and, appropriately, by desensitization. There is a considerable body of patients with non‐allergic perennial rhinitis who have no surgical obstruction, and who have been treated, usually for years, with the usual modes appropriate for the allergic nose. The results universally are poor.Nasal biopsies have been used to show a marked difference of infiltration of the mast cell in the submucosa of patients with perennial rhinitis who have neither obstruction due to surgically treatable conditions or due to allergic rhinitis. It is postulated that the mast cells infiltrate the nasal mucosa in response to factors yet to be determined. The mast cell contains chemical mediators which when released into the nasal tissue cause the symptoms of perennial rhinitis. The diagnosis cannot be made by direct visualization or even by nasal mucus smears but only made by biopsy. Surgery and allergy management usually fail in these patients, and usually they respond only to an honest explanation of the condition and short term steroid ther

ISSN:0023-852X    

DOI:10.1288/00005537-197401000-00010

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY