摘要:

15 patients on chronic hemodialysis were investigated by means of quantitative bone histology. Bone changes were found regularly in the absence of clinical signs. They were not qualitatively different from those seen in nondialyzed uremic.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180250

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Acute renal failure following administration of radiographic contrast material is being reported with increasing frequency. In this study the clearance and extraction of iodinated contrast material by peritoneal dialysis was determined in a patient who became anuric following drip infusion pyelography. During 64 h of dialysis the serum iodide concentration decreased by a factor of 10, the peritoneal clearance of iodide was 12.1 ml/min, and 56% of the administered iodide was removed. These results suggest that contrast materials can be removed by dialysis if nephrotoxicity develops.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180251

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Pre- and post-dialysis plasma calcium concentrations have been surveyed and correlated with known changes in dialysate calcium concentrations during 7 years of maintenance haemodialysis. When dialysate calcium levels were 7 or 8 mg/ 100 ml, the patients were hypercalcaemic. Plasma calcium fluctuated within the normal range when the dialysate calcium was maintained around 6 mg/ 100 ml. Hypercalcaemia during maintenance dialysis may indicate only that the selected dialysate calcium is inappropriately high. The highest dialysate calcium which enables the pre- and post-dialysis plasma calcium levels to remain within the normal range is recommended. Even in traditionally soft water areas the effects of possible changes in the calcium content of the mains water must be considered.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180252

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The Buselmeier shunt, which is compact and mainly subcutaneously implantable, is a convenient method of vascular access. It is advantageous over the standard Quinton-Dillard-Scribner shunt because it remains patent with fewer episodes of clotting and infection in uremics and because it functions in non-uremics where no other prosthetic shunt has succeeded. The new shunt allows passive flow dialysis where the A-V fistula does not.It is of further advantage over the A-V fistula in those cases where immediate access is necessary and where there are difficulties with needle cannulation or an inability to construct a proper fistula.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180253

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The response of infants and children to a prolonged administration of ammonium chloride was established. The children were divided into three groups: group A included the children aged 3 months to 2 years, who had been given 80 mEq ammonium chloride/m3/day for 5 days (n = 14); group B included those children over 2 years old who had 80 mEq ammonium chloride/m2/day (n = 13), and group C those children over 2 years old who received 100 mEq ammonium chloride/m2/day also for 5 days (n = 16). The urine was collected over a period of 24 h on the first, the third and the fifth days of the test. Urine pH was the same in the three groups. On the fifth day, a significant negative correlation of the excretion of titratable acidity with age could be demonstrated. Most of the days there was a significant decrease of the phosphorus excretion with age. This may be explained by the relative large amount of phosphate in the diet of younger children. The increase in ammonia excretion with age may be explained by the increase in supply of precursors to the tubulus. The rate of excretion of total hydrogen ion did not increase with age, the higher rate of excretion of titratable acid in the younger age group balancing their lower rate of ammonia excretion.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180254

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The influence of the renin-angiotensin system on renal autoregulation and intrarenal distribution of blood flow was studied in 10 dogs. Using a femoral-renal bypass, total renal blood flow and perfusion pressure were determined under basal conditions and after graded renal arterial constriction. At each pressure level renal venous renin activity and the distribution of renal blood flow (Xe133-washout technique) were determined. In 4 dogs these studies were done after renin depletion by high sodium intake and injections of DOCA. Renal autoregulation of blood flow was abolished in renin-depleted animals. During reduction of renal perfusion pressure in the lower autoregulatory range or below, a redistribution of intrarenal perfusion could be observed from outer cortical to inner cortical-juxtamedullary compartments. The redistribution was more pronounced in renin-depleted than in normal animals. In normal dogs, reduction of perfusion pressure resulted in an increase in outer cortical perfusion rate as long as autoregulation was preserved. In renin-depleted animals, outer cortical perfusion rate decreased in proportion to pressure reduction. It is concluded that renal autoregulation of blood flow involves two mechanisms: one located in the outer cortical area under the influence of the renin-angiotensin system, the other located in the juxtamedullary compartment and independent of the renin-angiotensin system.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180255

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Eight patients with advanced chronic renal disease and small kidneys developed painless gross hematuria after 1–36 months of dialysis, despite the fact that gross hematuria had not been characteristic of their renal disease. Negative urologic findings and long follow-up failed to disclose any new urinary tract disease. Gross hematuria appears to be a clinical feature of the contracted, ischemic kidne

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180256

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Metolazone, a new diuretic/saluretic/anti-hypertensive agent related to quinethazone, was used to treat 20 patients with impaired renal function. Among eight water loaded hospitalized patients given metolazone 5 mg intra venously, glomerular filtration rate rose in four and diminished slightly in four while urine flow and sodium excretion in creased significantly. In 12 out-patients given long-term oral metolazone (usually 5–10 mg in single daily doses) treatment effectively removed oedema and induced weight loss; in the seven initially hypertensive patients blood pressure decreased also. Plasma renin activity was measured in seven patients before and after several weeks’ metolazone therapy. Activity fell in two patients and rose in five, but the upper limit of normal was exceeded in one only. Renal epithelial cell excretion rates indicated that drug nephrotoxicity was absent. Mean creatinine clearances rose, serum potassium levels fell, and ten patients received oral potassium supplements. Small transient increases in liver enzymes were seen in three patients. Metolazone tended to maintain glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow while increasing salt and water losses. A proximal as well as a distal site of action was suggested for the drug, and its anti-hypertensive effect was confir

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180257

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180259

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger